As architects and scholars, we recognize a political role in the urban realm for small public spaces, where design does not aim to produce objects that stand independently, as happens with cathedrals of consumerism (the shopping mall) or cathedrals of culture (the museum), which despite being privately owned, are widely considered the new public arenas of contemporary society.
An innovative reconsideration of school buildings and their role within the urban realm and the community can provoke different ways of inventing the present and of planting the seeds for a better future. In this view, school buildings can be considered great political mediums.
The Chiarano Primary School is divided into two sections, hosting 10 classrooms for 250 students. The building is porous. It allows the land and light to flow inside and into the spaces.
A glazed façade facing southwest opens a view to the surrounding countryside. The walls that separate the classrooms from the corridors are opaque only for the lower 120cm and are glazed on the upper area. The opacity and glazing enhance the intervisibility from the outside space and between the inner spaces.
No corridors were designed in the school plan; instead, all of the classrooms’ points of access are located on the main entrance hall on the ground level and on a suspended balcony on the first floor. This solution maximizes the visibility between the spaces.
The intervisibility is also emphasized by the visual connections between the different levels, thanks to the double height designed for the main entrance and to the design of a glazed ‘lantern of light’ suspended over the library, which gives character to the school entrance hall. The suspended lantern houses a ‘botanic garden’ for outdoor experimentation.
The library is the core of the project and has been thought of as a new urban node for the community, because it is kept open after the school hours.
The community has been involved in the project with a special theater play, in which architects, working with the children of Chiarano’s primary schools, a drama teacher, and a musician interacted to shape the design and construction of the future school. No didactic purpose was assigned to the theater project other than the desire to introduce the new construction to the community through a strong, shared, and enjoyable experience.
The classrooms where the children spend most of their time face south to maximize daylight exposure. Thanks to a judicious orientation, thick insulation, a green roof, and sophisticated technologies (geothermal heating, photovoltaic panels, BMS: building automation system), the school attains the Italian Class A+ efficiency rating, with a building cost of only 1,000 euros per square meter, including furniture: proof that the very strong economic and functional requirements of an educational building are compatible with energetic efficiency and high-quality interior spaces.