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Steel sheet Farmhouse & Teahouse
Steel sheet Farmhouse & Teahouse
Osaka Prefecture, Japan
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Other Projects by Ks Architects HIROAKI KIMURA & ASSOCIATES
Steel sheet Farmhouse & Teahouse
Osaka Prefecture, Japan
STATUS
Built
YEAR
2004
Steel sheet Farmhouse
This is a valuable minka (private house) surviving on the outskirts of Osaka. Repairs have been carried out on numerous occasions, and the interior has also been redecorated with new materials. With the exception of the main frame and the front exterior surface, the original model can no longer be seen. With no surviving data, we paid attention to the owner’s recollections and made a direct survey of the building, probing through the traces of reconstruction, endeavoring to restore it to the original model. Regarding the date of construction, we discovered a gohei (Shinto staff with plaited paper streamers) in the attic, so we know that the ridgepole was raised in November 1925 (Taisho year 14), and we also discovered a scrap of newspaper from 1929 (Showa year 4) pasted to an old mud wall. This was preserved as “traces’’ by covering the wall surface with glass. Overall, it is divided into three parts: the minka part repaired and reinforced as the original model, the new addition of bedrooms and sanitary area wrapped in steel sheet, and a detached teahouse established in the Japanese-style garden. A lowered-floor passage with a skylight, and lowered-floor living room and kitchen, were established between the wooden minka part and the repaired steel sheet part. By inserting this lowered-floor space as an interface, and assigning it the role of passive environmental adjustment through sunlight and breezes, it links every room while making a sharp articulation between the new and old spaces, and a revival through a skilful fusion between the serene old lifestyle and a contemporary lifestyle.
The steel sheet repaired part contains bedrooms and sanitary area wrapped in 9mm-thick steel sheet. Contrasting with the wooden minka part, the long cylindrical roof form resembles a halted vehicle. The exciting columns are substituted with steel sheet reinforcement, with steel angle ribs at a 960mm pitch adjusted to the existing column spacing, and these are linked into a continuous gate by through section steel. This method of construction, which is the same as the construction method of the residential part of a steel boat, is an attempt at the monocoque architecture based on a lighter rib structure, so the building does not rely on column and beams. Structurally, the lowered-floor passage is a buffer element, and there is very little force transmitted through the skylight linking the wood minka part and this dissimilar monocoque structure. The overall detailing is installed and fitted as smoothly and neatly as possible, with no elements projecting into space.
Steel sheet Teahouse
The engawa (veranda) in this minka faces the remnants of a precious Japanese-style garden, which was maintained for many years as a hobby of the preceding generation. Inheriting the shape of this bequest, a contemporary monocoque tearoom was newly installed in the garden. So as not to hurt the existing delicate garden trees, the main body of the tearoom was made in a factory, then simply placed in its location in the garden. Overall, it is divided into a half-exterior meeting part and a stoic interior space comprising an alcove and two tatami mats, covered with a roof membrane of steel sheet. An extraordinary space, this tearoom is a contemporary meditation space, and at the seasons change it is a place in dialogue with nature. As well as being also to wander through the exciting garden, visually there emerges a spatial continuity that unifies inside and outside even more than the engawa, producing a lifestyle in intimate contact with nature.
The steel sheet that I used goes from an architectural building frame to an industrially processed product like a vehicle, and the sculptural usage avoids the impact of the strong expression of steel. The advantage of this material is its high degree of strength and the possibility of high-precision factory fabrication through using CAD; a standard quality may be maintained everywhere, the price-per-weight does not vary much, and it can cope with customization and prefabrication. The sizes for this tearoom were determined by the volume of heights and widths that are able to be transported by vehicle. It was all produced at the factory, and the 9mm-thick steel sheets were bent into curved surface at key points in order to make a unified pre-strengthened structure. Divided into two parts, it was then lowered as-it into the garden by crane. It was then reconnected, fittings were inserted, tatami mats were laid, and this was all completed over a short period of time. The inside and outside have been given a different expression. Traces of the fabrication process and welding have been left in the interior, and the outside is finished with industrial smooth painting like a vehicle, with a taste for simplicity and quiet.
This is a valuable minka (private house) surviving on the outskirts of Osaka. Repairs have been carried out on numerous occasions, and the interior has also been redecorated with new materials. With the exception of the main frame and the front exterior surface, the original model can no longer be seen. With no surviving data, we paid attention to the owner’s recollections and made a direct survey of the building, probing through the traces of reconstruction, endeavoring to restore it to the original model. Regarding the date of construction, we discovered a gohei (Shinto staff with plaited paper streamers) in the attic, so we know that the ridgepole was raised in November 1925 (Taisho year 14), and we also discovered a scrap of newspaper from 1929 (Showa year 4) pasted to an old mud wall. This was preserved as “traces’’ by covering the wall surface with glass. Overall, it is divided into three parts: the minka part repaired and reinforced as the original model, the new addition of bedrooms and sanitary area wrapped in steel sheet, and a detached teahouse established in the Japanese-style garden. A lowered-floor passage with a skylight, and lowered-floor living room and kitchen, were established between the wooden minka part and the repaired steel sheet part. By inserting this lowered-floor space as an interface, and assigning it the role of passive environmental adjustment through sunlight and breezes, it links every room while making a sharp articulation between the new and old spaces, and a revival through a skilful fusion between the serene old lifestyle and a contemporary lifestyle.
The steel sheet repaired part contains bedrooms and sanitary area wrapped in 9mm-thick steel sheet. Contrasting with the wooden minka part, the long cylindrical roof form resembles a halted vehicle. The exciting columns are substituted with steel sheet reinforcement, with steel angle ribs at a 960mm pitch adjusted to the existing column spacing, and these are linked into a continuous gate by through section steel. This method of construction, which is the same as the construction method of the residential part of a steel boat, is an attempt at the monocoque architecture based on a lighter rib structure, so the building does not rely on column and beams. Structurally, the lowered-floor passage is a buffer element, and there is very little force transmitted through the skylight linking the wood minka part and this dissimilar monocoque structure. The overall detailing is installed and fitted as smoothly and neatly as possible, with no elements projecting into space.
Steel sheet Teahouse
The engawa (veranda) in this minka faces the remnants of a precious Japanese-style garden, which was maintained for many years as a hobby of the preceding generation. Inheriting the shape of this bequest, a contemporary monocoque tearoom was newly installed in the garden. So as not to hurt the existing delicate garden trees, the main body of the tearoom was made in a factory, then simply placed in its location in the garden. Overall, it is divided into a half-exterior meeting part and a stoic interior space comprising an alcove and two tatami mats, covered with a roof membrane of steel sheet. An extraordinary space, this tearoom is a contemporary meditation space, and at the seasons change it is a place in dialogue with nature. As well as being also to wander through the exciting garden, visually there emerges a spatial continuity that unifies inside and outside even more than the engawa, producing a lifestyle in intimate contact with nature.
The steel sheet that I used goes from an architectural building frame to an industrially processed product like a vehicle, and the sculptural usage avoids the impact of the strong expression of steel. The advantage of this material is its high degree of strength and the possibility of high-precision factory fabrication through using CAD; a standard quality may be maintained everywhere, the price-per-weight does not vary much, and it can cope with customization and prefabrication. The sizes for this tearoom were determined by the volume of heights and widths that are able to be transported by vehicle. It was all produced at the factory, and the 9mm-thick steel sheets were bent into curved surface at key points in order to make a unified pre-strengthened structure. Divided into two parts, it was then lowered as-it into the garden by crane. It was then reconnected, fittings were inserted, tatami mats were laid, and this was all completed over a short period of time. The inside and outside have been given a different expression. Traces of the fabrication process and welding have been left in the interior, and the outside is finished with industrial smooth painting like a vehicle, with a taste for simplicity and quiet.
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