The district of Quatre-Chemins is an old suburb in which lives a disadvantaged population and where a degraded housing environment is concentrated. Situated in a difficult urban area, this district is the object of a vast program of urban renovation which wants to reduce the number of unhealthy housing environments. In this context, “Foncière Logement” produces three diffused operations that propose large rental apartments for employees with good income, favoring social mixing inside the district.
The wish to settle in this district a wealthy population must be followed by a specific architectural writing, with a precise, sober, and respectful insertion.
To reach that purpose, the street-facing facade has a contemporary vocabulary proposing different typical themes of a historical suburb: the base, the body, and the roof. A contemporary reinterpretation of the base uses white varnished brick, stopped on the right adjacent ledge. Access by a hall similar to the neighboring building offers a view of the entire length of the land’s plot.
The body is in plaster and the windows‘ proportions that combine double and single openings are the same as the left building. The windows’ frames are similar to those of the opposite building. The three moved windows as well as the shutters animate the composition, and at the same time underline the contemporary character of the building.
On the left, the building’s height aligns with the nearby building. On the right, the attic with a three meters move from the façade, aligns with the right building’s height. To achieve movement in the facade in a sober way, in the style of the “Suprematist Composition - White on White” of Malevich, elements of locksmitheries, plaster, brick, and glass (for the fixed parts) possess their own declination of white, the dominant color of the suburb.
The trapezoidal shape of the land, which has a strongly acute angle combined with great height, confers to the place a sensation of strangeness that is embraced. To achieve this, the necessary plastic moderation of the road’s side is replaced by a range of complexities so as to dramatize this incongruous place. A play of folds gives a rhythm to the various levels of the facade. These folds, by widening or contracting, create external spaces facing south for every apartment. This play of volume allows, at the same time, to personalize every apartment. On the left, the base stretches up to the lateral façade, and on the right side, the body retracts to align itself on the nearby facade. The height line of the building comes to close this theme by articulating three slopes of the roof. Furthermore, the use of a slatted wood covering raises the spirit of the garden.
On these slants as well as in the chinks of the slatted covering, the sun hangs on its shadows, sculpting the volumes following the slope.
The wooden shutters can be randomly opened by the inhabitants, constantly transforming the composition of the façade. When those shutters are closed, they transform the volume into an unusual closed box. Eventually, the garden will cover the ground and walls, and the place will become like a vegetable cave opened to the sky, protected from the intensity of the city.
Social Housing in Pantin