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Nowa Huta of the Future /// Nowa Huta Przyszłości
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Other Projects by Zbigniew Piotrowicz Architekt
Nowa Huta of the Future /// Nowa Huta Przyszłości
STATUS
Concept
NOWA HUTA OF THE FUTURE - MASTERPLAN 2012
International competition entry with Matt Lally (Matrix Partnership) and Richard Penman (RAKU Design)
NOWA HUTA ECO-TOWN
A phoenix rises from the ashes of the furnace
1. The Vision
As parts of the steelworks complex have declined, so nature has began to invade and “take over”. Small trees, shrubs and grasslands have begun to emerge, colonising spaces within and between the frames of redundant industrial buildings. The result is a fascinating contrast between the man-made brute aesthetic of metal-work, concrete and brick buildings and the miasma of pipes, sheet walls, columns and chimneys that are interwoven throughout, with the soft, organic, delicate natural forms of greenery that have come to take root.
Our response is to celebrate and encourage this process, rather than resist it – to welcome Mother Nature in and recognise that this fusion of man-made and natural forces provides the basis for an exciting vision that blends:
- The creation of a landscape regional park of inter-connected open spaces, comprising a mixture of formal squares and parks with much more informal naturalistic spaces for wildlife. In plan view, the new inter-linked green spaces are designed to suggest “flames of the furnace”, giving the impression of a phoenix rising from the ashes; a symbol of both the steelwork heritage but also suggesting the rebirth of a new identity for the modern age.
- A celebration of industrial heritage – preserved and creatively reused as inspiration for new modern architectural forms. Rather than sweeping away the remnants of the area’s industrial era, this is celebrated. Existing buildings are retained and re-used wherever feasible; at first to form the setting for a range of ‘meanwhile uses’, temporary activities that help shape a new identity and create a new destination, and later cutting-edge modern architectural forms that fuse old and new. Building on the success of the Kraftwerk concert that temporarily transformed one of the factory spaces into a dramatic performance venue, other such cultural, artistic and commercial activities will be hosted, bringing the area alive.
- An environmental showcase in environmental design and living – with a focus on energy efficiency and renewables, recycling, landscape ecology and environmentally benign lifestyles. The urban design layout of new communities will balance a range of high quality living and working opportunities, and ensure that residents and workers will have a variety of facilities to suit everyday needs within close walking distance. Each urban quarter will be served by an excellent and highly efficient public transport network.
New and existing building forms will combine to create a grainy, mixed-use urban fabric full of highly unusual building forms and intriguing juxtapositions, held together within the discipline of a street grid – bringing cohesion to the urban composition, efficient inter-connections and a legible urban structure that is easy to navigate.
A new sense of local identity and pride in the area will be shaped as the area evolves, full of flexible spaces that allow buildings and open spaces to be used in many different ways – encouraging artistic and enterprising expression and experimentation.
The town will evolve as a series of urban quarters, each with a distinctive sense of neighbourhood identity and complementary blend of activities. These will contrast the highly, urban central mixed-use neighbourhoods, with quieter outlying residential suburbs.
A medium-rise urban form of 4-6 storeys will predominate, ensuring that the area has human scale, punctuated by occasional taller marker buildings placed at key nodal points, offering spectacular views. The two existing buildings and cooling towers will be retained within Solidarity Square, a major new public space that will form the centre-piece of the new town and honour the role of the steelworks in the solidarity movement.
To the east, an eco village will be initiated early in the development programme as a demonstration of intent and show casing the application of exemplary sustainable ‘garden suburb’ principles.
This is a bold vision of international stature. In total it constitutes a combined public-private investment of 7.3 billion Euros. A compelling strategy is put forward for the creation of what will become a whole new town or city district set to accommodate 33,440 new homes and create employment space with the potential to generate 125,000 jobs. A wide range of commercial, cultural and leisure facilities will combine to make this an exceptional place of enduring quality and reputation.
2. Conceptual Layers
There are six key “conceptual layers” that have influenced the masterplanning concept:
1. Landscape structure: “The flames of the furnace”
The natural landscape is rediscovered and the informal greening that has occurred will be embraced. New landscaped spaces will provide an iconic pattern symbolising the “flames” of the steelworks furnaces or even could be said to resemble the flames a phoenix rising from the ashes, symbolising the area’s rebirth.
Inter-linked green open spaces combine to form a new regional park and connect the new town with the attractive riverside wetlands to the south – creating recreational corridors, wildlife networks and accommodating naturally filtered drainage tributaries flowing into the river.
2. A celebration of industrial heritage
Rather than swept away from the landscape and replaced, remnants of the industrial era are retained, celebrated, creatively re-used, to form a fascinating mesh of structures within and alongside which modern architectural building forms are placed.
3. Public realm network
An inter-linked network of places and spaces are provided. Urban squares and landmark buildings mark key nodes in the urban fabric. The result is a legible layout that is easy to navigate.
4. Street hierarchy
A clear street network helps to emphasise the spatial hierarchy. The basic structuring principle is a flexible grid and perimeter block structure. In many instances road alignments follow existing routes found within the steelworks. This not only helps to relate the new and old identities of place but also offers a practical strategy that will help buildability.
Five layers to this hierarchy are shown:
- The new north-south highway
- The main east-west city artery. It is proposed that in part (in the western section) this is returned to its more direct historic alignment, enhancing the developability of adjacent land parcels.
- Avenues or boulevards that provide the principal internal circulation network.
- Secondary streets with less through-traffic.
- Quiet lanes that provide more minor routes.
5. Public transport and walkability
The layout provides a highly permeable, walkable grid with a public transport network that ensures that every area is within 300m (3-5 minutes walk) of a tram or high quality bus stop. A new station interchange (incorporating a relocated mainline station combined with a new metro station and bus station) ensures that this becomes one of the most accessible and highly desire parts of Krakow (most of the urban area is within 10-15 minutes walk of the station).
6. Solar orientation and environmental technologies
The grid alignments generally provide east-west aligned development blocks, thus maximising the amount of south-facing development that can fully exploit passive solar design potential and the use of photovoltaic panels. It also provides the basis for a district-wide combined heat and power system to be introduced, potentially fuelled from renewable sources (such as wood pellets). As the grid expands, so the network can be extended. Potentially this facility could be incorporated within Solidarity Square and made an architectural feature (rather than being regarded as something to be hidden away).
7. Urban quarters
The layout has been structured so that the area is sub-divided into a series of over-lapping “urban quarters” or neighbourhoods, each with its own sense of identity. Each urban quarter is centred on a focal public open space - a square or park - that provides the beating heart of the neighbourhood, animated by shops, restaurants and community services. Each of these focal spaces incorporates a tram and/or bus stop, with a catchment radius of approximately 400m – ensuring that each part of the quarter is within five minutes walk of a range of amenities and public transport provision.
The “Town Centre” is identified in the centre of the area, where the main east-west and north-south routes converge. The focus for the town centre is Solidarity Square, a dramatic new urban space that sits mid-way along the new armature of public open space that extends eastwards from CAHTS Gate.
Ten such urban quarters or neighbourhoods are identified:
i) CAHTS Gate
The existing entry point to the steelworks will be further enhanced with gateway buildings, enhanced landscape and public art, providing the “front door” to the new Town and celebrating the area’s industrial heritage.
ii) Mid Town
A vibrant urban quarter bursting with character. A fine-grained urban fabric interweaves renovated existing buildings and new architectural forms. A place of surprise, intrigue and activity. A six-storey building scale predominates, typically with a mix of retail, leisure and other civic uses on the bottom two floors, with apartments above. The area is known for the youthful crowd that is drawn to the area’s hip cafes, bars and cultural nightlife. It is a hub of avante-garde artistic and cultural experimentation and expression. The quarter is soon seen as a destination for fledgling start-up enterprises, particularly related to IT.
iii) Station Plaza
This area is focussed on the new station that integrates the metro, mainline rail and tram services – provide efficient inter-connections between modes of travel. The formal plaza emphasises the status of this new facility and creates an impressive sense of arrival. Drawn by the excellent accessibility and the funky appeal of Mid Town, the area hosts some larger companies. The existing large-scale industrial buildings are converted into a major new international conference centre and business hub – with the existing building frame being used as the basis for a bold new architectural expression.
iv) Phoenix Tech Park and University Campus
This quarter, facing onto Solidarity Park, provides the setting for blend of new knowledge-based technology companies, located alongside a new University Campus. Generous landscaping provides the highly attractive setting for the hi-tech business of international calibre.
v) Phoenix East
Anchoring the eastern end of Solidarity Park, Phoenix East is a new mixed-use community that comprises a variety of different accommodation types – from small start-out apartments to larger family homes. Small-scale businesses, shops, restaurants, leisure facilities all help to give this quarter a certain sense of “self-containment.”
vi) Heartland
Incorporating the town centre, as the name suggests Heartland provides the symbolic focus for the whole town. This busy focal point to the town centre incorporates the landmark steelworks chimneys and cooling tower – kept for their sculptural drama and as an enduring memory of the area’s former power base. The square is flanked by mixed-use blocks, including the area’s primary shopping facilities at ground floor.
vii) Park View
This quarter focuses on the entry point to the new park that is created on the site of the existing slag heaps. Mounds of waste material are greened with modest public investment. A walkway will spiral up to a peak that offers panoramic views of the new town taking shape to the north and river valley to the south.
viii) Waterfront
The existing waterway forms the setting for a new residential community, with blocks arranged to exploit the sunny aspect and attractive views out across the water and wetlands landscape.
ix) Eco Village
On the eastern suburbs of the new town, this new community is planned as an eco village. Comprising mainly family housing, buildings are designed according to “garden suburb” principles. An organic layout is loosely structured to blend with the existing landscape, with buildings arranged to maximise solar orientation and a public open space network threading through the area providing a range of ecological habits, community gardens and allotments, recreational opportunities and the basis for a naturalistic Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS).
x) Eco Park Business Campus
To the far south-west, a new business campus is created, exploiting frontage opportunities and accessibility of the new north-south highway. An attractive and ecologically rich landscaped setting provides the setting for major new employers.
International competition entry with Matt Lally (Matrix Partnership) and Richard Penman (RAKU Design)
NOWA HUTA ECO-TOWN
A phoenix rises from the ashes of the furnace
1. The Vision
As parts of the steelworks complex have declined, so nature has began to invade and “take over”. Small trees, shrubs and grasslands have begun to emerge, colonising spaces within and between the frames of redundant industrial buildings. The result is a fascinating contrast between the man-made brute aesthetic of metal-work, concrete and brick buildings and the miasma of pipes, sheet walls, columns and chimneys that are interwoven throughout, with the soft, organic, delicate natural forms of greenery that have come to take root.
Our response is to celebrate and encourage this process, rather than resist it – to welcome Mother Nature in and recognise that this fusion of man-made and natural forces provides the basis for an exciting vision that blends:
- The creation of a landscape regional park of inter-connected open spaces, comprising a mixture of formal squares and parks with much more informal naturalistic spaces for wildlife. In plan view, the new inter-linked green spaces are designed to suggest “flames of the furnace”, giving the impression of a phoenix rising from the ashes; a symbol of both the steelwork heritage but also suggesting the rebirth of a new identity for the modern age.
- A celebration of industrial heritage – preserved and creatively reused as inspiration for new modern architectural forms. Rather than sweeping away the remnants of the area’s industrial era, this is celebrated. Existing buildings are retained and re-used wherever feasible; at first to form the setting for a range of ‘meanwhile uses’, temporary activities that help shape a new identity and create a new destination, and later cutting-edge modern architectural forms that fuse old and new. Building on the success of the Kraftwerk concert that temporarily transformed one of the factory spaces into a dramatic performance venue, other such cultural, artistic and commercial activities will be hosted, bringing the area alive.
- An environmental showcase in environmental design and living – with a focus on energy efficiency and renewables, recycling, landscape ecology and environmentally benign lifestyles. The urban design layout of new communities will balance a range of high quality living and working opportunities, and ensure that residents and workers will have a variety of facilities to suit everyday needs within close walking distance. Each urban quarter will be served by an excellent and highly efficient public transport network.
New and existing building forms will combine to create a grainy, mixed-use urban fabric full of highly unusual building forms and intriguing juxtapositions, held together within the discipline of a street grid – bringing cohesion to the urban composition, efficient inter-connections and a legible urban structure that is easy to navigate.
A new sense of local identity and pride in the area will be shaped as the area evolves, full of flexible spaces that allow buildings and open spaces to be used in many different ways – encouraging artistic and enterprising expression and experimentation.
The town will evolve as a series of urban quarters, each with a distinctive sense of neighbourhood identity and complementary blend of activities. These will contrast the highly, urban central mixed-use neighbourhoods, with quieter outlying residential suburbs.
A medium-rise urban form of 4-6 storeys will predominate, ensuring that the area has human scale, punctuated by occasional taller marker buildings placed at key nodal points, offering spectacular views. The two existing buildings and cooling towers will be retained within Solidarity Square, a major new public space that will form the centre-piece of the new town and honour the role of the steelworks in the solidarity movement.
To the east, an eco village will be initiated early in the development programme as a demonstration of intent and show casing the application of exemplary sustainable ‘garden suburb’ principles.
This is a bold vision of international stature. In total it constitutes a combined public-private investment of 7.3 billion Euros. A compelling strategy is put forward for the creation of what will become a whole new town or city district set to accommodate 33,440 new homes and create employment space with the potential to generate 125,000 jobs. A wide range of commercial, cultural and leisure facilities will combine to make this an exceptional place of enduring quality and reputation.
2. Conceptual Layers
There are six key “conceptual layers” that have influenced the masterplanning concept:
1. Landscape structure: “The flames of the furnace”
The natural landscape is rediscovered and the informal greening that has occurred will be embraced. New landscaped spaces will provide an iconic pattern symbolising the “flames” of the steelworks furnaces or even could be said to resemble the flames a phoenix rising from the ashes, symbolising the area’s rebirth.
Inter-linked green open spaces combine to form a new regional park and connect the new town with the attractive riverside wetlands to the south – creating recreational corridors, wildlife networks and accommodating naturally filtered drainage tributaries flowing into the river.
2. A celebration of industrial heritage
Rather than swept away from the landscape and replaced, remnants of the industrial era are retained, celebrated, creatively re-used, to form a fascinating mesh of structures within and alongside which modern architectural building forms are placed.
3. Public realm network
An inter-linked network of places and spaces are provided. Urban squares and landmark buildings mark key nodes in the urban fabric. The result is a legible layout that is easy to navigate.
4. Street hierarchy
A clear street network helps to emphasise the spatial hierarchy. The basic structuring principle is a flexible grid and perimeter block structure. In many instances road alignments follow existing routes found within the steelworks. This not only helps to relate the new and old identities of place but also offers a practical strategy that will help buildability.
Five layers to this hierarchy are shown:
- The new north-south highway
- The main east-west city artery. It is proposed that in part (in the western section) this is returned to its more direct historic alignment, enhancing the developability of adjacent land parcels.
- Avenues or boulevards that provide the principal internal circulation network.
- Secondary streets with less through-traffic.
- Quiet lanes that provide more minor routes.
5. Public transport and walkability
The layout provides a highly permeable, walkable grid with a public transport network that ensures that every area is within 300m (3-5 minutes walk) of a tram or high quality bus stop. A new station interchange (incorporating a relocated mainline station combined with a new metro station and bus station) ensures that this becomes one of the most accessible and highly desire parts of Krakow (most of the urban area is within 10-15 minutes walk of the station).
6. Solar orientation and environmental technologies
The grid alignments generally provide east-west aligned development blocks, thus maximising the amount of south-facing development that can fully exploit passive solar design potential and the use of photovoltaic panels. It also provides the basis for a district-wide combined heat and power system to be introduced, potentially fuelled from renewable sources (such as wood pellets). As the grid expands, so the network can be extended. Potentially this facility could be incorporated within Solidarity Square and made an architectural feature (rather than being regarded as something to be hidden away).
7. Urban quarters
The layout has been structured so that the area is sub-divided into a series of over-lapping “urban quarters” or neighbourhoods, each with its own sense of identity. Each urban quarter is centred on a focal public open space - a square or park - that provides the beating heart of the neighbourhood, animated by shops, restaurants and community services. Each of these focal spaces incorporates a tram and/or bus stop, with a catchment radius of approximately 400m – ensuring that each part of the quarter is within five minutes walk of a range of amenities and public transport provision.
The “Town Centre” is identified in the centre of the area, where the main east-west and north-south routes converge. The focus for the town centre is Solidarity Square, a dramatic new urban space that sits mid-way along the new armature of public open space that extends eastwards from CAHTS Gate.
Ten such urban quarters or neighbourhoods are identified:
i) CAHTS Gate
The existing entry point to the steelworks will be further enhanced with gateway buildings, enhanced landscape and public art, providing the “front door” to the new Town and celebrating the area’s industrial heritage.
ii) Mid Town
A vibrant urban quarter bursting with character. A fine-grained urban fabric interweaves renovated existing buildings and new architectural forms. A place of surprise, intrigue and activity. A six-storey building scale predominates, typically with a mix of retail, leisure and other civic uses on the bottom two floors, with apartments above. The area is known for the youthful crowd that is drawn to the area’s hip cafes, bars and cultural nightlife. It is a hub of avante-garde artistic and cultural experimentation and expression. The quarter is soon seen as a destination for fledgling start-up enterprises, particularly related to IT.
iii) Station Plaza
This area is focussed on the new station that integrates the metro, mainline rail and tram services – provide efficient inter-connections between modes of travel. The formal plaza emphasises the status of this new facility and creates an impressive sense of arrival. Drawn by the excellent accessibility and the funky appeal of Mid Town, the area hosts some larger companies. The existing large-scale industrial buildings are converted into a major new international conference centre and business hub – with the existing building frame being used as the basis for a bold new architectural expression.
iv) Phoenix Tech Park and University Campus
This quarter, facing onto Solidarity Park, provides the setting for blend of new knowledge-based technology companies, located alongside a new University Campus. Generous landscaping provides the highly attractive setting for the hi-tech business of international calibre.
v) Phoenix East
Anchoring the eastern end of Solidarity Park, Phoenix East is a new mixed-use community that comprises a variety of different accommodation types – from small start-out apartments to larger family homes. Small-scale businesses, shops, restaurants, leisure facilities all help to give this quarter a certain sense of “self-containment.”
vi) Heartland
Incorporating the town centre, as the name suggests Heartland provides the symbolic focus for the whole town. This busy focal point to the town centre incorporates the landmark steelworks chimneys and cooling tower – kept for their sculptural drama and as an enduring memory of the area’s former power base. The square is flanked by mixed-use blocks, including the area’s primary shopping facilities at ground floor.
vii) Park View
This quarter focuses on the entry point to the new park that is created on the site of the existing slag heaps. Mounds of waste material are greened with modest public investment. A walkway will spiral up to a peak that offers panoramic views of the new town taking shape to the north and river valley to the south.
viii) Waterfront
The existing waterway forms the setting for a new residential community, with blocks arranged to exploit the sunny aspect and attractive views out across the water and wetlands landscape.
ix) Eco Village
On the eastern suburbs of the new town, this new community is planned as an eco village. Comprising mainly family housing, buildings are designed according to “garden suburb” principles. An organic layout is loosely structured to blend with the existing landscape, with buildings arranged to maximise solar orientation and a public open space network threading through the area providing a range of ecological habits, community gardens and allotments, recreational opportunities and the basis for a naturalistic Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS).
x) Eco Park Business Campus
To the far south-west, a new business campus is created, exploiting frontage opportunities and accessibility of the new north-south highway. An attractive and ecologically rich landscaped setting provides the setting for major new employers.
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