The new museum — part of the UNESCO protected ensemble of Moscow Kremlin Museums — brings the Armory collection outside the Kremlin walls, making it publicly accessible and open to the city.
The museum consists of two parts — historical and modern. The former is located in the reconstructed historical building of the Middle Trading Rows between Red Square and Ilyinka street, while the latter occupies a new modern building, erected within the historical one. The new building is completely hidden behind the 19th century facade and does not interfere with the historical composition of Red Square. The two buildings are interconnected by enclosed bridges, and the classical carved facade looks out to the vast windows of the modern building.
Despite the fact that one part of the museum is physically placed within another, the basis of their relationship is complementarity, not hierarchy.
The tightly gridded rooms of the historic arcade contrast with the single exhibition space of the new building, which consists of successive spacious halls united by a high arch. This high-vaulted volume is framed by the stone facade of the new building. Thanks to the principle around which the new facade is organized — the maximum window size, transparency and permeability — it itself becomes a kind of showcase in which the treasures of the new museum are displayed.
All exhibition spaces are located on the same level, parts of which are interconnected by glass bridges, which are elevated to the second floor providing ground-floor space for public functions. The ring of the historical facade is permeable at ground level: the public space of Red Square flows through the arches into the courtyard, and further on to the basement of the new building, connecting the museum to the city.