The Nantucket Atheneum was incorporated as a private institution in 1834. The original building, which had been a Universalist Church, was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1846. The present building, designed by Frederick Brown Coleman in the Greek revival style of architecture, opened its doors in February of 1847. In the nineteenth century it was one of the island's cultural centers, hosting lectures by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Horace Greeley, Lucretia Mott, and Frederick Douglass. In 1900, the Nantucket Atheneum became a free public library. The present library continues as a cultural center supporting lectures, research, and exhibitions.