The situation connected with
the geometrically progressive character of the growth of the largest world
agglomerations was studied in the present research, and the megapolis Mexico
was chosen as the basic example of them.
In the result of the carried
out analysis the inevitable truth was found: already in 40 years the living
conditions in the megapolis Mexico will lead to impossibility to stay there
because of unacceptably high level of ecological hazard. The great
negative influence of agglomeration on the climatic indices of the Earth by
increase of average annual temperature becomes obvious; and also on the
pollution of the region's nature with the considerable increase of household
and industrial wastes.Besides, the general problem of energy resources for the specific
megapolis is obvious.
Along with the analysis of
ecological crisis of modern megapolis, some modern methods and technologies
directed at the application of alternate sources of energy, energy
conservation, provision with safe food
products, as well as the variants of use of protozoans in new capacity were
studied.
It was determined that the
following positions may be considered urgent for the megapolis Mexico:
drilling of geothermal wells
is allowed almost on the whole territory of Mexico;
it is possible to create the
system of storeys, having as hydroponic function as the recreational one in the
structure of multi-storey building, which will allow the growing of
ecologically clean fruits and vegetables with lesser energy consumption, on the
one hand, and creation of “noncontact”, i. e. without external negative
influence, environment for rest and walks of people in comfortable conditions;
there is a possibility
nowadays to use the anti-noise and heat-insulating panels with carbon fibre, which
is very light and at the same time firm and dense, and with the help of thermal
and chemical effect on a carbon in fibres it is possible to make the object of
any form and at the same time the material is environmentally safe and simple
in operation;
with the help of
cyanobacteriae it is possible to create close and completely autonomous system
of air circulation. In this case a building
obtains fresh, rich with oxygen and ionized air, being at the same time
completely isolated from outer aggressive air medium. The other effect of this
system, the thermal energy generation in the process of bacterial activity,
will allow to obtain additional heat for construction's needs.
Thus, the main task of
innovative designing, from our point of view, is the ecological safety and
improvement of the live quality in megapolises. The proposed innovative
technologies in the multi-storey house building may fundamentally change the
ecological situation for better.
The idea is in the gradual
implementation of the alternative energy sources into a building's structure;
and with this creating the autonomous energy unit in the system of megapolis.A building may produce the necessary quantity of
energy, not depending on general transmission system of a city. At the same
time, such “energy units” should be united into single energy frame, which will
allow to redistribute the produced energy the most rationally.The capacity of such autonomous geothermal station
may be about 200-300 MW, which in future will allow to create the wide
communication network between similar buildings in the city structure. One such
multi-storey house will be able to supply 2-4 neighbouring areas with energy. Thus, the more buildings of this type, the more the
“energy covering” of the city.
It is proposed to implement
the modular frame in the building structure, which could “wrap” the building
and create the integral, “live” area, filled with water nutrient solution. The system of modular frame should have cell grating, filled with
special water solution, where the colonial cyanobacteriae are placed and later
reproduce.The operation of such system
is simple: a human, when breathing out, produces СО2, the conditioning system during its operation enriches the
water solution and cyanobacteriae with СО2,
and as the result, with the help of perimeter artificial light, the
photosynthetic reaction with oxygen separation and natural air ionization
happens. In this case, the system of air circulation is close and completely
autonomous. The building obtains fresh, rich with oxygen and
ionized air being at the same time completely isolated from outer aggressive
air medium.