Our
project proposes a comprehensive approach to water supply, flood mitigation and
economic development in the context of Mumbai?s current land and housing
shortage by providing a model where hydrological operations provide the formal
logic for new development potentials. The eastern waterfront becomes the
testing ground for patterns of development that confront the formal
relationship between land, water and building typology. After an in depth examination of Mumbai
through the lens of water and its operation on the shape of the city, the
project calls into question the relationship between hydrological operations
and urban form at varying scales, both formally, socially and economically.
These conditions reveal the tensions at play between water supply and access,
flooding and drainage and ecology and development.
Mumbai?s
history of growth and development was enabled by the process of land
reclamation, slowly filling in the low-lying wetlands between coastal islands
and setting a precedent for the cities relationship between water and land.
This process established the foundation for urban form in the city and
determined the resulting urban spatial structure as major infrastructural
routes were organized around the relationship between reclaimed land and the
location of original islands. Because the harbor no longer drains as it once
did, these areas of low lying reclaimed land are particularly prone to intense
flooding during monsoonal rains. Our proposed intervention positions itself on
once reclaimed land between two of Mumbai?s original coastal islands, at the
convergence of major, yet underutilized, rail and warehouse infrastructure and
underutilized coastal land owned by the Mumbai Port Trust and the Indian Navy.
These
conflicts will only continue to worsen as the demand for new development comes
into conflict with the implications of climate change and sea level rise. At
the current rate Mumbai is experiencing a 100 year storm event every eight
years, and recent studies show that climate change will affect the timing and
intensity of the yearly monsoon. The
effect of such inconsistent water supply were apparent during the severe
flooding in June of 2005 and the more recent drought of 2009 which required the
city of Mumbai to cut water supply by 30 percent over and above the existing
1.4 million people currently without access to daily water supply.
We
propose a reconfiguration of the water?s edge and a reindustrialization of the
site which can capitalize on the existing rail and warehouse infrastructure and
provide economic incentive to the Mumbai Port Trust to open the land for
integrated residential and commercial development. The resulting urban form is
creating by confluence between daily tidal flows (?water-in?) and modified
storm water runoff patterns (?water-out?), creating a wet system from which all
further development is generated. Additionally, multiple building and housing
typologies are created, each responding formally to the hydrological functions
generated by the relationship between water and socio-economic conditions.