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Halide Edip Adivar Mosque
Halide Edip Adivar Mosque
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Other Projects by Manço Architects
Halide Edip Adivar Mosque
Kulliye, a complex of mosque and
supplementary buildings with various functions, used to be a prominent public
space in the Ottoman city lacking Western type plazas. However, the Ottoman
kulliye is typically introvert and does not connect with the surrounding urban
tissue. The modern kulliye designed for the competition is reinterpreted as a
project fusing with the neighborhood where the closed, semi-open and open
spaces are open to public use.
Traditionally
prayer is not performed beyond the mihrab, the wall facing Mecca, accordingly
the mosque is shifted to the site border, in order to maximize the open space
to pray on.
Remaining
spaces besides the mosque were placed around the mosque to form a courtyard
opening up to Halide Edip Adivar Street while providing isolation from the
traffic noise of Piyalepasa Boulevard.
The
primary pedestrian entrance to the courtyard was planned north of the mosque
and the most frequently used spaces such as, reading hall, charity society,
men’s ablution room and WC were located alongside. Education spaces were solved
in a separate building that is secluded from the courtyard with the plant pot
in front. Similarly, women’s ablution room and kitchen, as well as the morgue
were separated.
Residences
entered from Halide Edip Adivar Street were solved on the upper floor, along
the neighboring multi storey buildings on the north side, in order to provide
privacy.
Wide
stairs and an elevator were planned to enable pedestrian connection between
Bahçecik Street and Halide Edip Adivar considering people coming to prayer from
both Bahçecik Street and the other side of Piyalepasa Boulevard.
Considering
the absence of Islamic spatial prerequisites, the mosque was shaped with a
contemporary attitude independent of formalistic clichés of classical Ottoman
architecture predominant in Turkey.
The
“rectangular plan” that is one of the few common aspects of Islamic
architecture based on the rule of lining up towards Mecca during prayer, and
the “single large inner volume” in Ottoman architecture were the two classical
principles followed. Nevertheless, in pursuit of a distinct form, a dome was
not designed, especially considering the availability of different contemporary
methods of covering wide spans.
The
side façades of the mosque were separated from the ground and the mihrab with a
narrow glass strip, in order to emphasize the continuity of the praying lines
inside and outside as well as the central role of the mihrab. Consequently, the
fundamental function of the mosque being “a wall directing towards Mecca and a
shelter for prayer lines” was highlighted.
Women’s
praying area is designed as a projection covering the entrance of the mosque.
Likewise, the residence floor is also planned as a wider slab blocking the
harsh sunshine and creating a shaded semi open area underneath. The same effect
is provided with canopies uniting with the façades of the remaining buildings.
The
minaret being the foremost symbolical element of Islamic architecture was
designed as a standalone structure in order to retain the simplicity of the
mosque mass.
A
pool was placed alongside the mihrab to stress the symbolism of water that is
described in Quran as the “source of life” whereas reflecting the façade on its
surface.
A
steel frame covered with glass, insulation layers and prefabricated façade
panels is proposed so that the mosque represents contemporary architectural
design, as well as building techniques.
The
steel frame was designed to result in a pattern on inner and outer façades in
reference to the structural elements such as domes and arches shaping the
interior in classical Ottoman mosques.
Large
transparent openings on façades were not preferred due to the moderate
illumination level Turkish people have accustomed to in the Ottoman style
mosques and the disturbing effect of glare on praying. Mihrab was enlightened
with the light diffusing through the surrounding glass band.
A
simplified reinterpretation of geometric ornaments of Islamic art was achieved
by using equal triangle panels sized according to the steel structure. Daylight
was allowed inside through holes opened on those panels during production. The
openings were placed according to the spaces behind however a random effect was
created with their varying sizes. The same pattern was also applied on interior
walls of the mosque.
The
façades and roofs of the other buildings were also covered with the same layer
consisting of fiber cement panels, which are very durable and do not need any
maintenance. The effect of a continuous plane surrounding spaces was created
with concrete pavement having a similar texture.
Stripes
of grass facing Mecca were placed on the courtyard to enable orderly lining up
of praying Muslims. Same lines were continued on the carpet floor covering of
the mosque to underline the unity of inside and outside.
In
order to provide a constant inner air quality inside the mosque, an artificial
HVAC system supported by an air source heat pump running underneath the floor
was proposed.
Cross
ventilation in other buildings than the mosque will be enabled through operable
windows and ceiling ventilators.
Water
consumption will be reduced with rainwater and grey water use systems
installed.
Energy
load of the buildings will be further decreased by the use of LED exterior and
interior lighting, as well as motion sensors.
supplementary buildings with various functions, used to be a prominent public
space in the Ottoman city lacking Western type plazas. However, the Ottoman
kulliye is typically introvert and does not connect with the surrounding urban
tissue. The modern kulliye designed for the competition is reinterpreted as a
project fusing with the neighborhood where the closed, semi-open and open
spaces are open to public use.
Traditionally
prayer is not performed beyond the mihrab, the wall facing Mecca, accordingly
the mosque is shifted to the site border, in order to maximize the open space
to pray on.
Remaining
spaces besides the mosque were placed around the mosque to form a courtyard
opening up to Halide Edip Adivar Street while providing isolation from the
traffic noise of Piyalepasa Boulevard.
The
primary pedestrian entrance to the courtyard was planned north of the mosque
and the most frequently used spaces such as, reading hall, charity society,
men’s ablution room and WC were located alongside. Education spaces were solved
in a separate building that is secluded from the courtyard with the plant pot
in front. Similarly, women’s ablution room and kitchen, as well as the morgue
were separated.
Residences
entered from Halide Edip Adivar Street were solved on the upper floor, along
the neighboring multi storey buildings on the north side, in order to provide
privacy.
Wide
stairs and an elevator were planned to enable pedestrian connection between
Bahçecik Street and Halide Edip Adivar considering people coming to prayer from
both Bahçecik Street and the other side of Piyalepasa Boulevard.
Considering
the absence of Islamic spatial prerequisites, the mosque was shaped with a
contemporary attitude independent of formalistic clichés of classical Ottoman
architecture predominant in Turkey.
The
“rectangular plan” that is one of the few common aspects of Islamic
architecture based on the rule of lining up towards Mecca during prayer, and
the “single large inner volume” in Ottoman architecture were the two classical
principles followed. Nevertheless, in pursuit of a distinct form, a dome was
not designed, especially considering the availability of different contemporary
methods of covering wide spans.
The
side façades of the mosque were separated from the ground and the mihrab with a
narrow glass strip, in order to emphasize the continuity of the praying lines
inside and outside as well as the central role of the mihrab. Consequently, the
fundamental function of the mosque being “a wall directing towards Mecca and a
shelter for prayer lines” was highlighted.
Women’s
praying area is designed as a projection covering the entrance of the mosque.
Likewise, the residence floor is also planned as a wider slab blocking the
harsh sunshine and creating a shaded semi open area underneath. The same effect
is provided with canopies uniting with the façades of the remaining buildings.
The
minaret being the foremost symbolical element of Islamic architecture was
designed as a standalone structure in order to retain the simplicity of the
mosque mass.
A
pool was placed alongside the mihrab to stress the symbolism of water that is
described in Quran as the “source of life” whereas reflecting the façade on its
surface.
A
steel frame covered with glass, insulation layers and prefabricated façade
panels is proposed so that the mosque represents contemporary architectural
design, as well as building techniques.
The
steel frame was designed to result in a pattern on inner and outer façades in
reference to the structural elements such as domes and arches shaping the
interior in classical Ottoman mosques.
Large
transparent openings on façades were not preferred due to the moderate
illumination level Turkish people have accustomed to in the Ottoman style
mosques and the disturbing effect of glare on praying. Mihrab was enlightened
with the light diffusing through the surrounding glass band.
A
simplified reinterpretation of geometric ornaments of Islamic art was achieved
by using equal triangle panels sized according to the steel structure. Daylight
was allowed inside through holes opened on those panels during production. The
openings were placed according to the spaces behind however a random effect was
created with their varying sizes. The same pattern was also applied on interior
walls of the mosque.
The
façades and roofs of the other buildings were also covered with the same layer
consisting of fiber cement panels, which are very durable and do not need any
maintenance. The effect of a continuous plane surrounding spaces was created
with concrete pavement having a similar texture.
Stripes
of grass facing Mecca were placed on the courtyard to enable orderly lining up
of praying Muslims. Same lines were continued on the carpet floor covering of
the mosque to underline the unity of inside and outside.
In
order to provide a constant inner air quality inside the mosque, an artificial
HVAC system supported by an air source heat pump running underneath the floor
was proposed.
Cross
ventilation in other buildings than the mosque will be enabled through operable
windows and ceiling ventilators.
Water
consumption will be reduced with rainwater and grey water use systems
installed.
Energy
load of the buildings will be further decreased by the use of LED exterior and
interior lighting, as well as motion sensors.
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