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Conceptual Mosque
Conceptual Mosque
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Other Projects by Manço Architects
Conceptual Mosque
The
central dome is a primary component of Ottoman architecture still
prevailing in today’s Turkish mosques. It was incorporated into
mosques to create a single big volume and Sinan the Great designed
all variations of classical domed structures in his era. In our
proposal the principle of “single big volume” was maintained,
however in search for a unique form the dome was not preferred since
numerous different wide spanning structures are available today.
Kaaba,
the holiest place of Islam towards where all Muslims turn during
prayer, being a plain cube symbolizes the simplicity and humbleness
recommended to Muslims. Thus, the form of cube was chosen as the
starting point of the development of the mosque’s mass. Thereby the
rectangular plan of mosques, an essential planning principle
resulting from the linear order of prayers perpendicular to the
direction of Kaaba, was also complied with.
The
cube was skewed toward Kaaba to create a higher interior space while
referring to the bending and prostrating movements of salaat except
for the funeral prayer.
A
sloping prayer area sliced into podiums descending toward the Kaaba
direction was designed as a unique solution. Thereby, the lines of
prayers are clearly divided, heads of prostrating prayers coming too
close to the feet of those in front is avoided, and the imam is made
visible from anywhere on the prayer area.
The
slope of the mosque floor is continued outside, in order to divide
the plot into two courtyards with different grades. The higher one is
planned to accommodate outdoor Friday, Eid and funeral prayers while
the lower one is sunk 1,5m and surrounded by the annex.
“Education
is one of the primary missions of a mosque since the beginning of
Islam… Madras is complimentary of the function of mosque.” (Dogan
Kuban, The Art of Sinan and Selimiye) That tradition is followed by
adding a public library and lecture room to the essential functions
of the mosque.
Following
the example of Sinan who planned each function in a separate
structure in his religious complexes, imam’s residence, imam’s
office, library, lecture room, morgue and WCs are planned in an
additional building surrounding the lower courtyard. Only the
ablution area is located underneath the mosque to enable direct
access to the prayer area.
By
dividing functions in two different buildings, the project is
enabled to comply with different plots or needs by modifying the
annex and the courtyards.
A
wall intercepting the view of the mosque is avoided by planning the
annex on the lower courtyard level. As in traditional Ottoman
architecture, the visual connection between inside and outside is
maintained by encircling the plot with vegetation that is continued
on the green roof of the annex.
The
use of minaret was continued in the architectural design due to its
inseparable role in the mosque architecture for centuries, as well as
its ongoing function as a place for public announcements in small
towns and villages. To preserve the straightforwardness of the
mosque’s mass, it is designed as a freestanding structure.
By
incorporating hour and minute hands to the façades, the minaret is
turned into a clock tower. On upper parts of the minaret there will
be niches that will serve as bird nests in reference to those in
Ottoman mosques.
The
mosque and the minaret are designed as prefabricated steel structures
covered with insulation layers and prefabricated façade panels that
stand on top of reinforced concrete foundations / retaining walls.
Prefabricated components are preferred to allow fast, easy and
accurate construction anywhere in Turkey.
Following
the example of the illuminated prayer areas of Ottoman mosques not
secluded from their surroundings, wide transparent surfaces are
designed on all façades of the mosque. By making the side façades
of the mosque mostly transparent, the penetration of daylight, as
well as the visual connection between inside and outside is enabled.
Solar control is provided by the flat and wide columns standing
densely, which serve as vertical sun breakers.
Contrary
to the traditional mosque interiors, the Kaaba facing wall is
designed as an unadorned surface with a transparent lower half.
Imam’s corner is a subtle niche in the middle of the façade to
underline the absence of clergy in Islam and equality of the imam and
prayers before Allah.
A
pond is planned behind the Kaaba facing wall, in order to highlight
the symbolism of water that is cited in the Quran as the “source of
life”, as well as to reflect the sky and the daylight deep into the
interior.
Natural
cross ventilation is enabled by openable doors/windows on all façades
and operable louvers above the women’s prayer area. Heating is
provided with floor heating.
Quran
verses on the outer and inner façades of the mosque are written in
modern Turkish so that they are fully understood by everyone.
central dome is a primary component of Ottoman architecture still
prevailing in today’s Turkish mosques. It was incorporated into
mosques to create a single big volume and Sinan the Great designed
all variations of classical domed structures in his era. In our
proposal the principle of “single big volume” was maintained,
however in search for a unique form the dome was not preferred since
numerous different wide spanning structures are available today.
Kaaba,
the holiest place of Islam towards where all Muslims turn during
prayer, being a plain cube symbolizes the simplicity and humbleness
recommended to Muslims. Thus, the form of cube was chosen as the
starting point of the development of the mosque’s mass. Thereby the
rectangular plan of mosques, an essential planning principle
resulting from the linear order of prayers perpendicular to the
direction of Kaaba, was also complied with.
The
cube was skewed toward Kaaba to create a higher interior space while
referring to the bending and prostrating movements of salaat except
for the funeral prayer.
A
sloping prayer area sliced into podiums descending toward the Kaaba
direction was designed as a unique solution. Thereby, the lines of
prayers are clearly divided, heads of prostrating prayers coming too
close to the feet of those in front is avoided, and the imam is made
visible from anywhere on the prayer area.
The
slope of the mosque floor is continued outside, in order to divide
the plot into two courtyards with different grades. The higher one is
planned to accommodate outdoor Friday, Eid and funeral prayers while
the lower one is sunk 1,5m and surrounded by the annex.
“Education
is one of the primary missions of a mosque since the beginning of
Islam… Madras is complimentary of the function of mosque.” (Dogan
Kuban, The Art of Sinan and Selimiye) That tradition is followed by
adding a public library and lecture room to the essential functions
of the mosque.
Following
the example of Sinan who planned each function in a separate
structure in his religious complexes, imam’s residence, imam’s
office, library, lecture room, morgue and WCs are planned in an
additional building surrounding the lower courtyard. Only the
ablution area is located underneath the mosque to enable direct
access to the prayer area.
By
dividing functions in two different buildings, the project is
enabled to comply with different plots or needs by modifying the
annex and the courtyards.
A
wall intercepting the view of the mosque is avoided by planning the
annex on the lower courtyard level. As in traditional Ottoman
architecture, the visual connection between inside and outside is
maintained by encircling the plot with vegetation that is continued
on the green roof of the annex.
The
use of minaret was continued in the architectural design due to its
inseparable role in the mosque architecture for centuries, as well as
its ongoing function as a place for public announcements in small
towns and villages. To preserve the straightforwardness of the
mosque’s mass, it is designed as a freestanding structure.
By
incorporating hour and minute hands to the façades, the minaret is
turned into a clock tower. On upper parts of the minaret there will
be niches that will serve as bird nests in reference to those in
Ottoman mosques.
The
mosque and the minaret are designed as prefabricated steel structures
covered with insulation layers and prefabricated façade panels that
stand on top of reinforced concrete foundations / retaining walls.
Prefabricated components are preferred to allow fast, easy and
accurate construction anywhere in Turkey.
Following
the example of the illuminated prayer areas of Ottoman mosques not
secluded from their surroundings, wide transparent surfaces are
designed on all façades of the mosque. By making the side façades
of the mosque mostly transparent, the penetration of daylight, as
well as the visual connection between inside and outside is enabled.
Solar control is provided by the flat and wide columns standing
densely, which serve as vertical sun breakers.
Contrary
to the traditional mosque interiors, the Kaaba facing wall is
designed as an unadorned surface with a transparent lower half.
Imam’s corner is a subtle niche in the middle of the façade to
underline the absence of clergy in Islam and equality of the imam and
prayers before Allah.
A
pond is planned behind the Kaaba facing wall, in order to highlight
the symbolism of water that is cited in the Quran as the “source of
life”, as well as to reflect the sky and the daylight deep into the
interior.
Natural
cross ventilation is enabled by openable doors/windows on all façades
and operable louvers above the women’s prayer area. Heating is
provided with floor heating.
Quran
verses on the outer and inner façades of the mosque are written in
modern Turkish so that they are fully understood by everyone.
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