Context:
From urban
point of view, two directions are interlaced - this of a residential area with
complex buildings and this of a city boulevard. The property is located in the
park between them, which determines the situation of the future building.
The social
potential consists of three categories established by the closest subway
station, a city boulevard and a residential complex.
In terms of
climatic characteristics: 4 seasons, temperate climate, sub-mountain landscape,
annual rainfall average of 572mm; positive solstice, without significant
abnormalities which would need of special measures for energy efficiency;
moderate wind 3-5 m/s.
Situation:
The
building is situated in a way to have adequate contact with the urban context.
The thorough analisys of the social activities, running lines, connections and
urban visual communications, regards the the location of the main entrances.
The concept of the building is a sliced rhomboid with side lenght of 60 meters
and diagonals of 66 and 100 meters, consisting of 4 triangles which are
spirally opening from the landscape to the residential complex. This favors the
orientation of the building and benefits the link between communication and
environment.
The
orientation and access from all possible directions are easy and attractive in
order to create positive visual impact and emotions for the visitors. The
building has a memorable and unobtrusive vision - people-oriented and open to
self-organization.
Functional
zoning:
The
visitors area is located on the first three levels and on the green roof,
organized on the open space principle. Situated entirely above the ground, the
building is accessible and orientation-friendly from all directions. The
parking, loading and operation areas of the building are situated to the
southeast, where the streams of visitors with cars, administration and service
are distributed. An innovative solution is used to develop the staircase -
height of 450 cm, allowing parallel development of two disjoint stair arms.
This helps the visitors and the administration to use the same staircase
without crossing their paths. Separate elevators are planned for the visitors
and administration. The main entrance of the building is located southwest with
separate square space, allowing the development of additional recreational
functions. An outside climbing wall is located near the entrance, which clearly defines the functional
dominance of the building. In parallel, this place is the culmination of the
architectural structure. The Administration is set on level 4 and 5.
All the
visitors with bicycles, inline skates and roller skates have free access
through a system of ramps and landscaped green roof. All functional areas have
access for disabled people and mothers with strollers.
Volumetric
spatial resolution:
For the
building construction is used composite steel and reinforced concrete structure
for effective use of materials and land. The building has large supporting
distances without any additional columns. All components are located on the periphery
and on the dividing panels, which define the building's structure.
Using
innovative facade options positively impacts the workload and construction.
The scale
and proportions of the building are according to the surrounding buildings.
Minimizing the details and use of facade grid 10/4.5m allow the appearance of
the building as a form in the urban environment.
The ETFE
technology allows the achievement of the desired tectonics, through a variety
of prints and to create adaptive dynamic facades.
Energy efficiency:
Energy efficient solutions used in the project include:
Use of rainwater;
Control of light;
Control of heat transfer;
Using rainwater is organized by collecting water from the
roof surfaces in water tank (95 cubic metres) sized for two months average
rainfall cycle. Water is used in three ways:
1. For sanitary plumbing in a three-pipe system (grey water)
2. The thermal expansion tank accumulator and the needs of
heating and ventilation systems.
3. For irrigation of green areas.
The control of the light can be easily and effectively
managed with the 5-layer ETFE facade, which includes two layers with a positive
and a negative print. This allowes the transferring of air from one to chamber
to another and allows or blocks the light from to passing into the interior.
The print ensures UV protection of interior spaces. The transfer of air volume
is organized with eco pumps with low energy consumption, eliminating the
ingress of outside air.
Controlling the heat is organized in two cycles, according to
the winter or summer period. In both cases, the air of the outer chamber is
transferred into the inner chamber through eco pumps with low energy
consumption. The air then passes through a heating/cooling center, where runs
through a series of purifying steps which control the quantity of dust,
moisture from the outside atmosphere and organic particles from inside. This
allows the improvement of the energy efficiency of the building as the inner
chamber gets the temperature of the interior air and exterior chamber accepts
the ambient temperature.
These three systems are managed by a BMS system, which
simulates different atmoshperic scenarios and implements the most efficient
energy values.