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CC2011 - Housing and Health in Haiti
CC2011 - Housing and Health in Haiti
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Other Projects by Atelier Azara
CC2011 - Housing and Health in Haiti
Project Concept
There are a number of equally important
conceptual goals of this project. One was to find a thoroughly modern language
that speaks to deeply rooted Haitian urban and social traditions. It was also
important to learn from past mistakes made by the building trades in Haiti while bringing new building traditions to
the people of Haiti.
Another goal was to meld active and
passive approaches to sustainability into one flexible, scalable and recyclable
solution that is both ecologically sound and economically viable.
Sustainability Categories as
defined by the USGBC for LEED Certification:
SS Sustainable Site
We have devised a site strategy that
will maximize sustainability by minimizing the impact of the building on the
site. The local ecosystems and waterways will be preserved by allowing natural,
free-flowing drainage under major areas of each housing unit.
Disturbance of the topsoil will be
minimized through the use of prefabricated foundation units that only require
12 inch diameter pylons for support. Individual courtyards will feature
regionally appropriate landscaping and native crops like Mango trees and Banana
trees to both shade the private outdoor areas and provide supplemental incomes
for residents. Herbs, vegetables and other edible plants can also be grown.
Storm water runoff and erosion will be dealt with through a rainwater
collection system coupled with respect for natural drainage patterns in the
area.
WE Water Efficiency
Potable water will be supplied by
collecting rainwater from the butterfly roof and filtering. Cisterns over each
bathroom and over the kitchen will store water that will be used for toilets.
Drinking water will undergo an osmosis and UV purification process before use.
All fixtures will be low-flow, high efficiency, gravity fed appliances. Any excess
water will be directed towards the landscaping outside.
EAEnergy
& Atmosphere
Innovative strategies in this category
include ample opportunities to tune the indoor atmosphere by use of sun
shading, breeze channeling and natural ventilation strategies to provide
comfort and mitigate airborne contaminates. The precast walls provide ample insulation
properties while also providing thermal mass properties. The living pavilion with
its folding canopy doors and high ceiling is well suited for Haiti’s
tropical climate.
And, the very compact sleeping rooms
found under the butterfly roof funnel air through clerestory openings that
channel air over each bed, allowing the Upper-room Ultraviolet Germicidal
Irradiation lighting system to destroy any contagions that try to enter or
leave each sleeping room.
MR Materials & Resources
In order to reduce construction waste
and reduce materials and resource usage, Autoclaved Aerated Concrete or AAC, has
been specified. This material is very light weight, highly insulating and
easily transported. Moreover, we are proposing that the AAC components be
precast in Haiti
by Haitians. This fire, hurricane and mold resistant material can be engineered
to withstand earthquakes and will be shipped to the site fully reinforced to meet
all structural requirements. The recent earthquake brought about the realities
of structural stability to the forefront of the building industry. This AAC system as a prefabricated component
ensures that safety standards, inherently subjective to builders in masonry units,
are no longer problematic.
Precasting also reduces waste and makes
for quick and efficient construction on site. An initial prototype may have to
be shipped from abroad but this proposal endeavors to develop new industries
for Haiti
and jobs for Haitians while providing sturdy and permanent homes.
IQ Indoor Environmental Quality
Natural ventilation, natural daylight
and the mediation between public and private views are all key aspects of this
design. Several layers of screening devices are employed in order to
control/manage, entry/exit of air, light, water and people. The various sliding,
folding and swinging devices provided create conditions for optimal air flow
and quality. Increasing the natural flow
of ventilation throughout all of the spaces become key, through large openings
and the natural stack effect of the raised roof of the butterfly system.
LL Locations & Linkages
The proposed houses are built near
already-existing infrastructure, community resources and a road. The design
provides for more than adequate open space for walking, physical activity
(gardening) and time spent outdoors.
AE Awareness & Education
The Features that makes this home green
are designed to be an integral part to the architectural design. Thus, the
prototype will function as a teaching tool, disseminating knowledge about
environmental building practices to all who encounter these buildings.
With a mix of high and low technology
appropriate for Haiti,
this prototype seeks to be easy to operate and maintain.
ID Innovation in Design
Several Innovations in Design are
proposed in this prototype housing unit. Using precast building components
instead of concrete or cinder block is one example. Precast construction will
eliminate the problems now associated with concrete buildings by having all
reinforcement integrated into the material in a factory setting, not on the construction
site. Also, these building components can be easily disassembled and moved if
necessary, making expansion or contraction very quick and economical. Another innovative
solution involves the various screens. Some screens are made with sugar cane stalks,
a readily available material in this area. Other screens are made from ironwork
scrapes salvage for earthquake debris, recycled and refashioned.
Health and Design
Every aspect of the design was driven
by the need to improve and/or maintain the health of the occupants. The low bar
with the butterfly roof has been orientated to catch the breeze and provide natural
ventilation for the sleeping modules. That same butterfly roof also functions
as a water collector and solar collector mount. Also, its underside has been
calibrated to funnel air across the beds of the sick. As air flows through the
clerestory it will be disinfected. The roof form direct the current over the
bed, up and out – once again getting a dose of UV irradiation thereby providing
protection for those outside. The sleeping modules open out to a cascade of
stairs that lead to an ample garden which offers both activity and
contemplation. With the high garden wall and various screens the lush courtyard
offers economic, ecological and emotional regeneration. In both physical and
conceptual counterpoint, the living pavilion offers a breezy, high ceiling,
shaded and easily cleaned indoor/outdoor, public/private transitional space
that is flexible and functional. All living areas are lifted of the ground to
provide flood protection. Sturdy materials provide a sense of well being and a hint
of visual tension. The design is ultimately an essay on architecture as
connection.
There are a number of equally important
conceptual goals of this project. One was to find a thoroughly modern language
that speaks to deeply rooted Haitian urban and social traditions. It was also
important to learn from past mistakes made by the building trades in Haiti while bringing new building traditions to
the people of Haiti.
Another goal was to meld active and
passive approaches to sustainability into one flexible, scalable and recyclable
solution that is both ecologically sound and economically viable.
Sustainability Categories as
defined by the USGBC for LEED Certification:
SS Sustainable Site
We have devised a site strategy that
will maximize sustainability by minimizing the impact of the building on the
site. The local ecosystems and waterways will be preserved by allowing natural,
free-flowing drainage under major areas of each housing unit.
Disturbance of the topsoil will be
minimized through the use of prefabricated foundation units that only require
12 inch diameter pylons for support. Individual courtyards will feature
regionally appropriate landscaping and native crops like Mango trees and Banana
trees to both shade the private outdoor areas and provide supplemental incomes
for residents. Herbs, vegetables and other edible plants can also be grown.
Storm water runoff and erosion will be dealt with through a rainwater
collection system coupled with respect for natural drainage patterns in the
area.
WE Water Efficiency
Potable water will be supplied by
collecting rainwater from the butterfly roof and filtering. Cisterns over each
bathroom and over the kitchen will store water that will be used for toilets.
Drinking water will undergo an osmosis and UV purification process before use.
All fixtures will be low-flow, high efficiency, gravity fed appliances. Any excess
water will be directed towards the landscaping outside.
EAEnergy
& Atmosphere
Innovative strategies in this category
include ample opportunities to tune the indoor atmosphere by use of sun
shading, breeze channeling and natural ventilation strategies to provide
comfort and mitigate airborne contaminates. The precast walls provide ample insulation
properties while also providing thermal mass properties. The living pavilion with
its folding canopy doors and high ceiling is well suited for Haiti’s
tropical climate.
And, the very compact sleeping rooms
found under the butterfly roof funnel air through clerestory openings that
channel air over each bed, allowing the Upper-room Ultraviolet Germicidal
Irradiation lighting system to destroy any contagions that try to enter or
leave each sleeping room.
MR Materials & Resources
In order to reduce construction waste
and reduce materials and resource usage, Autoclaved Aerated Concrete or AAC, has
been specified. This material is very light weight, highly insulating and
easily transported. Moreover, we are proposing that the AAC components be
precast in Haiti
by Haitians. This fire, hurricane and mold resistant material can be engineered
to withstand earthquakes and will be shipped to the site fully reinforced to meet
all structural requirements. The recent earthquake brought about the realities
of structural stability to the forefront of the building industry. This AAC system as a prefabricated component
ensures that safety standards, inherently subjective to builders in masonry units,
are no longer problematic.
Precasting also reduces waste and makes
for quick and efficient construction on site. An initial prototype may have to
be shipped from abroad but this proposal endeavors to develop new industries
for Haiti
and jobs for Haitians while providing sturdy and permanent homes.
IQ Indoor Environmental Quality
Natural ventilation, natural daylight
and the mediation between public and private views are all key aspects of this
design. Several layers of screening devices are employed in order to
control/manage, entry/exit of air, light, water and people. The various sliding,
folding and swinging devices provided create conditions for optimal air flow
and quality. Increasing the natural flow
of ventilation throughout all of the spaces become key, through large openings
and the natural stack effect of the raised roof of the butterfly system.
LL Locations & Linkages
The proposed houses are built near
already-existing infrastructure, community resources and a road. The design
provides for more than adequate open space for walking, physical activity
(gardening) and time spent outdoors.
AE Awareness & Education
The Features that makes this home green
are designed to be an integral part to the architectural design. Thus, the
prototype will function as a teaching tool, disseminating knowledge about
environmental building practices to all who encounter these buildings.
With a mix of high and low technology
appropriate for Haiti,
this prototype seeks to be easy to operate and maintain.
ID Innovation in Design
Several Innovations in Design are
proposed in this prototype housing unit. Using precast building components
instead of concrete or cinder block is one example. Precast construction will
eliminate the problems now associated with concrete buildings by having all
reinforcement integrated into the material in a factory setting, not on the construction
site. Also, these building components can be easily disassembled and moved if
necessary, making expansion or contraction very quick and economical. Another innovative
solution involves the various screens. Some screens are made with sugar cane stalks,
a readily available material in this area. Other screens are made from ironwork
scrapes salvage for earthquake debris, recycled and refashioned.
Health and Design
Every aspect of the design was driven
by the need to improve and/or maintain the health of the occupants. The low bar
with the butterfly roof has been orientated to catch the breeze and provide natural
ventilation for the sleeping modules. That same butterfly roof also functions
as a water collector and solar collector mount. Also, its underside has been
calibrated to funnel air across the beds of the sick. As air flows through the
clerestory it will be disinfected. The roof form direct the current over the
bed, up and out – once again getting a dose of UV irradiation thereby providing
protection for those outside. The sleeping modules open out to a cascade of
stairs that lead to an ample garden which offers both activity and
contemplation. With the high garden wall and various screens the lush courtyard
offers economic, ecological and emotional regeneration. In both physical and
conceptual counterpoint, the living pavilion offers a breezy, high ceiling,
shaded and easily cleaned indoor/outdoor, public/private transitional space
that is flexible and functional. All living areas are lifted of the ground to
provide flood protection. Sturdy materials provide a sense of well being and a hint
of visual tension. The design is ultimately an essay on architecture as
connection.
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