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BIoclimatic School Contest in Crete
BIoclimatic School Contest in Crete
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BIoclimatic School Contest in Crete
Firm
Type
Preliminary analysis of ancient Cretan temples shows presence of atria as a common ground in all cases. So, we decided not to deviate from this vernacular tradition. Actually atria are one of ancient bioclimatic techniques. Atrium shades and protects from direct sun, shelters from winds and gales, creates microclimate and ozonizes with plants and water edges. Three school blocks rounded up the atrium with the pool – impluvium. The common roof with crater-like compluvium covers all blocks and shelters callers. Entire rectangular outline is quite simple. Building layout is formed by local wind rose and relief. The complex lays on the slope of vale between two hills. Wind pressure and wind rose contributes to the passive ventilation and cooling of the premises. The school is intended not only to be a bioclimatic building itself but also to create a common ground for education in order to manage environment in sustainable way through applied sources. Those are the Technopark and Organic farm situated aside the complex. Pupils can try to handle with sustainable technologies within school area and understand on their own what sustainability is. The complex is intended to generate 100% renewable energy on site. Youngsters have the possibility to see and take part in workshops from the cradle. Eco-friendly conscious education has the crucial importance for sustainable future.
The school complex has three space volumes those are the Kindergarten, the Primary school and the Secondary school. Administration block is combined with the Kindergarten and situated on the roof level above. Underground parking per 28 vehicles lays under the Secondary school and has driveway from the road side. Ground parking lot per 5 vehicles and per 3 buses is located aside the road. Sport grounds lay northward of the building. Roadside hill is planted with orchards and flowerbeds. The remote hill side provides lines of vertical axis wind generators. Bush maze shaped like world map is located southward.
Bioclimatic principles for this project are versatile. Usage of local advantages of wind power and direction, precipitations, sun, ground water makes the complex energy-independent. And even more has to make it an energy supplier for other university facilities. Each class has maximum insulation as well as daylighting. Automatic blinds on façade envelope regulate solar gain. Natural wind streams are used for natural ventilation by windcatchers on the roof. Façade/roof envelope equipped by photovoltaic elements, planted modules, ventilation valves, daylighting closures, climate and movement sensors. Building maintenance system controls all engineer networks through sensors and valves.
Layout. The building layouts between two hills in the mountain vale on a slope. Space is sufficiently blown through by Mediterranean winds and sunlit by Greek sun. Turned position of plan provides sufficient insulation and daylighting. Parking lot placed in 15m limit area. Parking lot is equipped with electro charging points. School buses stop close. Comfortable wide walkway guides to the sheltered main entry area. Each school level has separate entry. Stuff parking lays under the Secondary school block. Atrium inside is the common space to socialize and play. There are the decorative pond and the swimming pool of 25m long in the atrium. Wind passes through the atrium and closures in the façade envelope, mixes with evaporated water from the pond and creates a matchless microclimate.
Heating/ventilation/cooling. Winters are quite mild on Crete so effective insolation is not obligatory. However building envelope has to protect from temperature drop in winter and overheating in summer. Pipe cooling system installed in floors. Heat pump provide exact temperature level in each room but works only in the periods when natural cooling/heating is not sufficient. Façade louvers regulate solar gain during daytime all the year. Water edges in the atrium area decrease temperature in summer time. All engineer networks are installed into multilayered slabs. Ducts and plenums connect windcatchers and façade closures with room aerators. Layout of the building and wind rose intends usage of natural ventilation par excellence but a mechanical recuperated ventilation system is installed either and predominantly is used in winter time. Bright colors of façade finishes reflect direct sun rays.
Daylighting/electric efficiency. Efficient daylighting provided by perimeter glass walls. Two sunlight rooftop collectors provide natural daulighting even in cloud weather. Artificial lighting uses LED technology and meters for energy efficiency. The complex divided into lighting zones. Those afford to reduce power consumption using light sensors. Hybrid street lights use solar irradiation and wind for supply.
Renewables. There are four types of renewables. Photovoltaic elements installed into the envelope. There are protein-based PV panels those are more efficient than silicon. The second renewable is wind generators. Only vertical axis wind generators are used so as they does not create electromagnetic field and vibration disturbance. Three types of VAWTs are provided: rooftop, ground mounted and street light. The third renewable type is anaerobic digester. This reactor uses organic waste and sewage for electricity-cum-gas generation. Also it serves for education. The fourth type is the algae photoreactor. This reactor makes electricity via photosynthesis of algae. Two last renewable types are situated in the Technopark area.
Water management. Water meters on all levels of consumption control water usage. The rainharvesting system collects precipitations and stores as grey water in underground tanks. Different sustainable technologies reduce water consumption either. Those are tap aerators, hot water recuperators, dual flushes in WCs, tap sensors. Potable water supplies from a ground water horizon.
Waste management. Six fractions of segregation have to be implemented for waste management. Six types of bins ought to be placed at entryways, hallways, play and sport grounds: for organic waste, paper/wood, glass, metal/cans, plastic, complex chemical elements (electronic gadgets, batteries, etc).
Permaculture. In order to accustom pupils to agriculture an organic farm has to be organized. Youngsters can grow agriculture plants for food, breed pigs and poultry. This facility will help them to create wider view of the universe.
Architect: Roman Pomazan, Viktor Kopeykin, Andrew Yatsentyuk
The school complex has three space volumes those are the Kindergarten, the Primary school and the Secondary school. Administration block is combined with the Kindergarten and situated on the roof level above. Underground parking per 28 vehicles lays under the Secondary school and has driveway from the road side. Ground parking lot per 5 vehicles and per 3 buses is located aside the road. Sport grounds lay northward of the building. Roadside hill is planted with orchards and flowerbeds. The remote hill side provides lines of vertical axis wind generators. Bush maze shaped like world map is located southward.
Bioclimatic principles for this project are versatile. Usage of local advantages of wind power and direction, precipitations, sun, ground water makes the complex energy-independent. And even more has to make it an energy supplier for other university facilities. Each class has maximum insulation as well as daylighting. Automatic blinds on façade envelope regulate solar gain. Natural wind streams are used for natural ventilation by windcatchers on the roof. Façade/roof envelope equipped by photovoltaic elements, planted modules, ventilation valves, daylighting closures, climate and movement sensors. Building maintenance system controls all engineer networks through sensors and valves.
Layout. The building layouts between two hills in the mountain vale on a slope. Space is sufficiently blown through by Mediterranean winds and sunlit by Greek sun. Turned position of plan provides sufficient insulation and daylighting. Parking lot placed in 15m limit area. Parking lot is equipped with electro charging points. School buses stop close. Comfortable wide walkway guides to the sheltered main entry area. Each school level has separate entry. Stuff parking lays under the Secondary school block. Atrium inside is the common space to socialize and play. There are the decorative pond and the swimming pool of 25m long in the atrium. Wind passes through the atrium and closures in the façade envelope, mixes with evaporated water from the pond and creates a matchless microclimate.
Heating/ventilation/cooling. Winters are quite mild on Crete so effective insolation is not obligatory. However building envelope has to protect from temperature drop in winter and overheating in summer. Pipe cooling system installed in floors. Heat pump provide exact temperature level in each room but works only in the periods when natural cooling/heating is not sufficient. Façade louvers regulate solar gain during daytime all the year. Water edges in the atrium area decrease temperature in summer time. All engineer networks are installed into multilayered slabs. Ducts and plenums connect windcatchers and façade closures with room aerators. Layout of the building and wind rose intends usage of natural ventilation par excellence but a mechanical recuperated ventilation system is installed either and predominantly is used in winter time. Bright colors of façade finishes reflect direct sun rays.
Daylighting/electric efficiency. Efficient daylighting provided by perimeter glass walls. Two sunlight rooftop collectors provide natural daulighting even in cloud weather. Artificial lighting uses LED technology and meters for energy efficiency. The complex divided into lighting zones. Those afford to reduce power consumption using light sensors. Hybrid street lights use solar irradiation and wind for supply.
Renewables. There are four types of renewables. Photovoltaic elements installed into the envelope. There are protein-based PV panels those are more efficient than silicon. The second renewable is wind generators. Only vertical axis wind generators are used so as they does not create electromagnetic field and vibration disturbance. Three types of VAWTs are provided: rooftop, ground mounted and street light. The third renewable type is anaerobic digester. This reactor uses organic waste and sewage for electricity-cum-gas generation. Also it serves for education. The fourth type is the algae photoreactor. This reactor makes electricity via photosynthesis of algae. Two last renewable types are situated in the Technopark area.
Water management. Water meters on all levels of consumption control water usage. The rainharvesting system collects precipitations and stores as grey water in underground tanks. Different sustainable technologies reduce water consumption either. Those are tap aerators, hot water recuperators, dual flushes in WCs, tap sensors. Potable water supplies from a ground water horizon.
Waste management. Six fractions of segregation have to be implemented for waste management. Six types of bins ought to be placed at entryways, hallways, play and sport grounds: for organic waste, paper/wood, glass, metal/cans, plastic, complex chemical elements (electronic gadgets, batteries, etc).
Permaculture. In order to accustom pupils to agriculture an organic farm has to be organized. Youngsters can grow agriculture plants for food, breed pigs and poultry. This facility will help them to create wider view of the universe.
Architect: Roman Pomazan, Viktor Kopeykin, Andrew Yatsentyuk
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