The historic city of Alcalá de Henares, nestled in the Henares River valley and in the
heart of the Iberian Peninsula, has been one of those cities that has grown
disproportionately since the 1960s. Four decades in which urban expansion has built
neighborhoods without the necessary planning and has fragmented the recognition of
a landscape identity that is dispersed and reduced to residual transit.
The City Council, under this narrative and in collaboration with ADORAS atelier
architecture team, initiated a process to reformulate the dialogue between the city
and the green areas of District V. Thus, the Andalucía Park renovation project was
born, an area inaugurated in 1993 that, over the years, has become a place of transit
for residents and has been disassociated from its main function: to provide a pleasant
and safe space that invites permanence and, in turn, belonging.
ADORAS's proposal starts from a previous diagnosis approached from different
perspectives and a deep process of listening to the neighbors. The objective was to
return the park to its main function, creating a space of high ecological value and social
cohesion focused on the user and the roots of its lost identity: the Henares River and
the Puerta Andalucía.
In the park, hard transit surfaces (4,665 m2) predominated over green surfaces (1,861
m2). When it came to giving new life to the park, it was designed as a vegetal tapestry
full of meadow and trees, while the paths were reduced to their minimum expression,
creating only an accessible diagonal path - which was the one most used by the
neighbors - along with another smaller one transversal to the bus stop. A meticulous
landscape study was carried out to favor the biodiversity of the park, expanding the
flowerbeds, vegetation and introducing new shrub species ordered by water
requirements to improve irrigation efficiency. Thus, green areas have been increased
by 4,896 m2 and hard surfaces have been reduced by 1,630 m2.
Beyond providing these outdoor green spaces, the park is linked to the historical fabric
to recover its identity. Thus, two elements that deal with its origin are enhanced: the
Henares River and the Puerta Andalucía. For the first one, and as an integrating
element of the whole proposal, a raised luminous pergola is designed that, sinuously,
runs through the whole park resembling the course of the Henares River. This lighting
is conceived as a functional sculptural element that manages to provide identity and a
sense of belonging to a whole neighborhood. For the second, two actions are carried
out that allow the park to reconnect with its Andalusian roots. On the one hand, the
Puerta de Andalucía, a small replica of the Madrid Puerta de Alcalá, which has
Andalusian motifs such as white stucco and tiles, is given greater prominence and has
been enhanced through an integral mural made by an Andalusian muralist. On the
other hand, a flamenco “tablao” is incorporated as a central dance floor that highlights
one of the most recognized arts outside our borders.
The study of the environment and the process of social listening allowed us to know a
social and generational diversity that helped us to establish a wide catalogue of uses
for the park. Thus, a naturalized space is created that is designed to be enjoyed by
everyone and not only as a place of passage. The improvement of the lighting with the
installation of the luminous pergola allows the park to be enjoyed not only during the
day, but also at night, when the continuous beam of light that replicates the meanders
of the Henares River on the users is illuminated. The dance floor encourages
interaction and the playful and festive nature of the park, as do the open areas, where
children can play and develop sports activities. Pets have also been considered,
creating a canine area. In addition, the park incorporates furniture specifically
designed for the project: the Kaze Bench. This concrete bench is conceived as a
multigenerational element, as it is a park surrounded by three schools with students of
very different ages. Thanks to its morphology, inspired by the movements of the air, it
allows different forms of rest, social interaction and even play.
Andalucía Park is a sample of how green areas can listen to the needs of urban
environments and return them a lost space and value, but, above all, give it an identity
and a sense of belonging to the entire neighborhood.