The “Forn de la Vila”, a bread furnace attached to the
medieval walls, is one of the most important pieces of civil gothic in Llíria
(Valencia, Spain). It was probably built in the late thirteenth century and
according to its typology we can include it in traditional Valencian furnaces,
historically named "Hornos de pan cocer."
As a result of a proliferation of private bread
furnaces in Llíria, in the second half of XIXth century, the Forn de la Vila ends functioning as a
furnace and it starts being used exclusively as a dwelling.
It is characterized by its lancet arches of ashlar,
which start from the ground at different levels, as well as by their stays
covered by wooden beams and the enclosure with a brick vault of the furnace (olla). The interior is divided into
three levels separated by two central arches that are situated in parallel,
there are two other transverse
arches.
In the first phase of restoration the historic
stonework were consolidated and the unsuitable items, which were negatively
affecting its structure and which were threatening the integrity of the
monument, were eliminated. Then, the efforts were focused on the recovery of
the building typology, and to enable it as an educational resource of history
and ethnology, through the restoration, the reconstruction and the
rehabilitation of the original medieval furnace elements (olla, chimney, fleca, alcabor,
etc.).
In the cours of this last phase, the museography of Forn de la Vila was accomplished, whose
main objective was to help understanding better this building, in a
constructive and in a typological way, and to publish its evolution throughout
the history.
The museography proposal was to turn the Forn de la Vila of Llíria into a site
museum, finding in this option the ideal choice to recover this example of
Valencian civil gothic architecture, and achieving that the building and its
constructive elements did not lose their historical, functional and typological
sense.
The main objective was the recovery of the medieval bread
oven as architectural type, fact that has been achieved through a faithful
architectural restoration of the traditional building systems, and its
diffusion from a didactic perspective.
The different building elements, the rests founded
from different ages, and many recognizable stratus have been identified to be
shown and understood.
With this purpose a sign or an identification plaque
indicates the item to emphasize and, where appropriate, the approximate date of
its execution and its incorporation to the patrimonial ensemble.
A series of information panels will help us to
understand the use and the history of the building that we are visiting. On the
one hand they explain in a graphical and in a written way the operation and the
different parts of the furnace, and other they contextualize the building
historically and graphically.Architects:
hidalgomora
arquitecturaLocation:
Calle de la Santísima
Sangre, Llíria, SpainArchitect Construction Manager: Javier Hidalgo MoraQuantity surveyor: Julio Sánchez LópezArea: 256 sqmYear:
2012Photographs:
Diego OpazoGraphic
Design: Marta
VillazónConstructor:
Torremar, S.L.Budget:
473.575,21 €Developer:
Ayuntamiento de Llíria