{"id":191472,"date":"2024-06-19T08:01:04","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T12:01:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/architizer.com\/blog\/?p=191472"},"modified":"2024-06-18T08:19:38","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T12:19:38","slug":"fascist-minimalism-kanye-west-destroys-tadao-ando-home","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/architizer.com\/blog\/inspiration\/stories\/fascist-minimalism-kanye-west-destroys-tadao-ando-home\/","title":{"rendered":"Fascist Minimalism: The Dystopian Design Philosophy of Kanye West"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Author\u2019s Note: The author and editor of this piece spent a long time discussing whether or not it should be published. We were both concerned about the ethics of giving attention to Ye, an artist of inarguable gifts, but one who has in recent years used his platform to spread bigotry and hatred. We decided to go with it, if only because the story recounted here helps puncture the myth of Ye\u2019s genius \u2014 a reputation he has systematically cultivated for decades, frequently comparing himself to figures such as Einstein, Shakespeare, and Picasso. As this article shows, there is nothing visionary about his recent foray into architecture.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The <em>New Yorker<\/em> recently published a gripping article by Ian Parker titled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2024\/06\/17\/kanye-west-tadao-ando-beach-house-malibu\">\u201cKanye West Bought an Architectural Treasure \u2014 then Gave it a Violent Remix.\u201d<\/a> The piece really is riveting, the type of story that would have attracted Tom Wolfe \u2014 or maybe J.G. Ballard. Like a fiery car crash, one simply cannot turn away from it.<\/p>\n<p>For those who haven\u2019t read the article, the news angle is that Ye is being sued by a contractor named Tony Saxon. In the lawsuit, Saxon describes the surreal experience of being hired by Ye to renovate a house that he purchased in Malibu for $57 million in the fall of 2021. Instead of having Saxon perform routine renovations, Ye asked him to dismantle the house piece by piece for reasons that were never altogether clear. This all happened around a year before the once universally feted musician would torch his reputation by appearing on the notorious far-right television program <em>InfoWars<\/em> and proclaiming that he \u201cloved Hitler.\u201d<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" data-instgrm-captioned data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/C8NQOwhCYOd\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" style=\" background:#FFF; border:0; border-radius:3px; box-shadow:0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width:500px; min-width:326px; padding:0; width:99.375%; width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px); width:calc(100% - 2px);\">\n<div style=\"padding:16px;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/C8NQOwhCYOd\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" background:#FFFFFF; line-height:0; padding:0 0; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; width:100%;\" target=\"_blank\"> <\/p>\n<div style=\" display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display:block; height:50px; margin:0 auto 12px; width:50px;\"><svg width=\"50px\" height=\"50px\" viewBox=\"0 0 60 60\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\"><g stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><g transform=\"translate(-511.000000, -20.000000)\" fill=\"#000000\"><g><path d=\"M556.869,30.41 C554.814,30.41 553.148,32.076 553.148,34.131 C553.148,36.186 554.814,37.852 556.869,37.852 C558.924,37.852 560.59,36.186 560.59,34.131 C560.59,32.076 558.924,30.41 556.869,30.41 M541,60.657 C535.114,60.657 530.342,55.887 530.342,50 C530.342,44.114 535.114,39.342 541,39.342 C546.887,39.342 551.658,44.114 551.658,50 C551.658,55.887 546.887,60.657 541,60.657 M541,33.886 C532.1,33.886 524.886,41.1 524.886,50 C524.886,58.899 532.1,66.113 541,66.113 C549.9,66.113 557.115,58.899 557.115,50 C557.115,41.1 549.9,33.886 541,33.886 M565.378,62.101 C565.244,65.022 564.756,66.606 564.346,67.663 C563.803,69.06 563.154,70.057 562.106,71.106 C561.058,72.155 560.06,72.803 558.662,73.347 C557.607,73.757 556.021,74.244 553.102,74.378 C549.944,74.521 548.997,74.552 541,74.552 C533.003,74.552 532.056,74.521 528.898,74.378 C525.979,74.244 524.393,73.757 523.338,73.347 C521.94,72.803 520.942,72.155 519.894,71.106 C518.846,70.057 518.197,69.06 517.654,67.663 C517.244,66.606 516.755,65.022 516.623,62.101 C516.479,58.943 516.448,57.996 516.448,50 C516.448,42.003 516.479,41.056 516.623,37.899 C516.755,34.978 517.244,33.391 517.654,32.338 C518.197,30.938 518.846,29.942 519.894,28.894 C520.942,27.846 521.94,27.196 523.338,26.654 C524.393,26.244 525.979,25.756 528.898,25.623 C532.057,25.479 533.004,25.448 541,25.448 C548.997,25.448 549.943,25.479 553.102,25.623 C556.021,25.756 557.607,26.244 558.662,26.654 C560.06,27.196 561.058,27.846 562.106,28.894 C563.154,29.942 563.803,30.938 564.346,32.338 C564.756,33.391 565.244,34.978 565.378,37.899 C565.522,41.056 565.552,42.003 565.552,50 C565.552,57.996 565.522,58.943 565.378,62.101 M570.82,37.631 C570.674,34.438 570.167,32.258 569.425,30.349 C568.659,28.377 567.633,26.702 565.965,25.035 C564.297,23.368 562.623,22.342 560.652,21.575 C558.743,20.834 556.562,20.326 553.369,20.18 C550.169,20.033 549.148,20 541,20 C532.853,20 531.831,20.033 528.631,20.18 C525.438,20.326 523.257,20.834 521.349,21.575 C519.376,22.342 517.703,23.368 516.035,25.035 C514.368,26.702 513.342,28.377 512.574,30.349 C511.834,32.258 511.326,34.438 511.181,37.631 C511.035,40.831 511,41.851 511,50 C511,58.147 511.035,59.17 511.181,62.369 C511.326,65.562 511.834,67.743 512.574,69.651 C513.342,71.625 514.368,73.296 516.035,74.965 C517.703,76.634 519.376,77.658 521.349,78.425 C523.257,79.167 525.438,79.673 528.631,79.82 C531.831,79.965 532.853,80.001 541,80.001 C549.148,80.001 550.169,79.965 553.369,79.82 C556.562,79.673 558.743,79.167 560.652,78.425 C562.623,77.658 564.297,76.634 565.965,74.965 C567.633,73.296 568.659,71.625 569.425,69.651 C570.167,67.743 570.674,65.562 570.82,62.369 C570.966,59.17 571,58.147 571,50 C571,41.851 570.966,40.831 570.82,37.631\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" color:#3897f0; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:550; line-height:18px;\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg)\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\" width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px; margin-bottom:0; margin-top:8px; overflow:hidden; padding:8px 0 7px; text-align:center; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/reel\/C8NQOwhCYOd\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;\" target=\"_blank\">A post shared by The New Yorker (@newyorkermag)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>When Ye made this comment, it did not come as a surprise. In the months leading up to the InfoWars appearance, Ye had made numerous antisemitic comments on social media and in interviews, which had already led to the dissolution of his business partnerships with Adidas, Balenciaga, and other brands, cratering his net worth<\/p>\n<p>To return to Ballard, there was something sickeningly compelling about this two-month stretch in Ye\u2019s career. Putting aside the potentially mitigating factor of the artist\u2019s mental illness \u2014 a <a href=\"https:\/\/freddiedeboer.substack.com\/p\/how-convenient-that-kanye-wests-behavior\">very controversial<\/a> topic \u2014 the performance seemed intentional, a perverse act of destruction aimed not only at himself but, unforgivably, innocent others.\u00a0 One could speculate as to why he did it, but in the end it doesn\u2019t matter. By aligning himself with Hitler, Ye revealed not only his own personal bigotry, but the totalitarian cast of his mind. To those who had been following his career, it made a lot of sense.<\/p>\n<p>As an artist, Ye is fascinated with the idea of creating <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frieze.com\/article\/kanye-wests-Donda-Album-Quest-perfection\">controlled environments and experiences<\/a>. His drift toward <a href=\"https:\/\/unherd.com\/newsroom\/briefing-what-are-kanye-wests-politics\/\">right wing politics<\/a> is simply the extension of this impulse into the realm of society. As most artists intuitively know, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Aestheticization_of_politics#:~:text=Benjamin%20said%20that%20fascism%20tends,proletarian%20masses%20aim%20to%20eliminate.\">this is the red line,<\/a> and the point where Ye\u2019s provocations stop being interesting and become dangerous.<\/p>\n<p>Architecture is unique because it is both an art form and type of social infrastructure. Knowing how Ye thinks and works, one could predict that architecure would be a bad fit for him, an area where his transgressive impulses would manifest as pure negativity and destructiveness. And according to Saxon\u2019s account, this is exactly what happened.<\/p>\n<p>The house that Ye hired Saxon to work on was not just any Malibu mansion, but a minimalist masterpiece designed by the Pritzker Prize winning Japanese architect Tadao Ando, one of only a handful of Ando residences in North America.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" data-instgrm-captioned data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C8NP8nGySTM\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" style=\" background:#FFF; border:0; border-radius:3px; box-shadow:0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width:500px; min-width:326px; padding:0; width:99.375%; width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px); width:calc(100% - 2px);\">\n<div style=\"padding:16px;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C8NP8nGySTM\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" background:#FFFFFF; line-height:0; padding:0 0; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; width:100%;\" target=\"_blank\"> <\/p>\n<div style=\" display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display:block; height:50px; margin:0 auto 12px; width:50px;\"><svg width=\"50px\" height=\"50px\" viewBox=\"0 0 60 60\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\"><g stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><g transform=\"translate(-511.000000, -20.000000)\" fill=\"#000000\"><g><path d=\"M556.869,30.41 C554.814,30.41 553.148,32.076 553.148,34.131 C553.148,36.186 554.814,37.852 556.869,37.852 C558.924,37.852 560.59,36.186 560.59,34.131 C560.59,32.076 558.924,30.41 556.869,30.41 M541,60.657 C535.114,60.657 530.342,55.887 530.342,50 C530.342,44.114 535.114,39.342 541,39.342 C546.887,39.342 551.658,44.114 551.658,50 C551.658,55.887 546.887,60.657 541,60.657 M541,33.886 C532.1,33.886 524.886,41.1 524.886,50 C524.886,58.899 532.1,66.113 541,66.113 C549.9,66.113 557.115,58.899 557.115,50 C557.115,41.1 549.9,33.886 541,33.886 M565.378,62.101 C565.244,65.022 564.756,66.606 564.346,67.663 C563.803,69.06 563.154,70.057 562.106,71.106 C561.058,72.155 560.06,72.803 558.662,73.347 C557.607,73.757 556.021,74.244 553.102,74.378 C549.944,74.521 548.997,74.552 541,74.552 C533.003,74.552 532.056,74.521 528.898,74.378 C525.979,74.244 524.393,73.757 523.338,73.347 C521.94,72.803 520.942,72.155 519.894,71.106 C518.846,70.057 518.197,69.06 517.654,67.663 C517.244,66.606 516.755,65.022 516.623,62.101 C516.479,58.943 516.448,57.996 516.448,50 C516.448,42.003 516.479,41.056 516.623,37.899 C516.755,34.978 517.244,33.391 517.654,32.338 C518.197,30.938 518.846,29.942 519.894,28.894 C520.942,27.846 521.94,27.196 523.338,26.654 C524.393,26.244 525.979,25.756 528.898,25.623 C532.057,25.479 533.004,25.448 541,25.448 C548.997,25.448 549.943,25.479 553.102,25.623 C556.021,25.756 557.607,26.244 558.662,26.654 C560.06,27.196 561.058,27.846 562.106,28.894 C563.154,29.942 563.803,30.938 564.346,32.338 C564.756,33.391 565.244,34.978 565.378,37.899 C565.522,41.056 565.552,42.003 565.552,50 C565.552,57.996 565.522,58.943 565.378,62.101 M570.82,37.631 C570.674,34.438 570.167,32.258 569.425,30.349 C568.659,28.377 567.633,26.702 565.965,25.035 C564.297,23.368 562.623,22.342 560.652,21.575 C558.743,20.834 556.562,20.326 553.369,20.18 C550.169,20.033 549.148,20 541,20 C532.853,20 531.831,20.033 528.631,20.18 C525.438,20.326 523.257,20.834 521.349,21.575 C519.376,22.342 517.703,23.368 516.035,25.035 C514.368,26.702 513.342,28.377 512.574,30.349 C511.834,32.258 511.326,34.438 511.181,37.631 C511.035,40.831 511,41.851 511,50 C511,58.147 511.035,59.17 511.181,62.369 C511.326,65.562 511.834,67.743 512.574,69.651 C513.342,71.625 514.368,73.296 516.035,74.965 C517.703,76.634 519.376,77.658 521.349,78.425 C523.257,79.167 525.438,79.673 528.631,79.82 C531.831,79.965 532.853,80.001 541,80.001 C549.148,80.001 550.169,79.965 553.369,79.82 C556.562,79.673 558.743,79.167 560.652,78.425 C562.623,77.658 564.297,76.634 565.965,74.965 C567.633,73.296 568.659,71.625 569.425,69.651 C570.167,67.743 570.674,65.562 570.82,62.369 C570.966,59.17 571,58.147 571,50 C571,41.851 570.966,40.831 570.82,37.631\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" color:#3897f0; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:550; line-height:18px;\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg)\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\" width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px; margin-bottom:0; margin-top:8px; overflow:hidden; padding:8px 0 7px; text-align:center; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C8NP8nGySTM\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;\" target=\"_blank\">A post shared by Marmol Radziner (@marmolradziner)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Among living architects, Ando&#8217;s reputation is singular. As Architizer\u2019s resident <a href=\"https:\/\/architizer.com\/blog\/inspiration\/stories\/change-my-mind-brutalism\/\">Brutalism defender<\/a>, I count myself as a big fan. Ando\u2019s ability to evoke an intimate sense of place with the fewest possible elements is evident even in photographs. This isn\u2019t really Brutalism; it is concrete architecture that ennobles the industrial materials that go into its construction and even suggests a new way of inhabiting space, both public and private. One that is careful, conscientious and mindful.<\/p>\n<p>The idea of gut renovating an Ando house and deviating from the architect\u2019s vision is itself risible. Why buy an Ando in order to disturb the architect\u2019s delicate vision? A comparable house designed by someone else would not have cost nearly as much and no one would have cared what Ye did with it. But here is the issue. What Ye had in mind was not a renovation at all. He intended something else \u2014 desecration.<\/p>\n<p>When Saxon was first led through the house by the architect Bianca Censori \u2014 now Ye\u2019s wife \u2014 he saw that it was not only beautiful, but functional as a living space. While empty of furnishings, the house had bathrooms lined in \u201cgorgeous black-and-white marble, like something in a New York hotel in the nineteen-twenties.\u201d The wooden cabinetry also made an impression on Saxon, who estimated that its installation would have cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. Dramatic design elements such as sweeping ocean views and oversized staircases coexisted alongside pedestrian elements such as a laundry room that housed the controls for the home\u2019s heating and cooling system. Although designed by a living legend, this was not a sculpture or temple; it was a house.<\/p>\n<p>Ye ordered Saxon to destroy everything that made the house functional, including all the pipes, the windows, and the electricity. He also wanted to replace the wide staircases \u2014 an Ando trademark \u2014 with ramps of some kind. He apparently has expressed interest in \u201coutlawing\u201d staircases in the past, but not out of any concern for accessibility.<\/p>\n<p>As Parker explains, \u201cThe ramps that Ye proposed for Malibu Road appeared to be at least four times as steep as any allowed by the Americans with Disabilities Act, and they would have ended not far from the edge of a terrace that, during the demolition process, lost its balustrade. Someone descending the ramp from the primary bedroom on, say, a skateboard, could expect to shoot off the edge and land some thirty feet below, on the beach.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Saxon followed Ye\u2019s deranged instructions, working discreetly without permits to dismantle the house piece by piece. While the suicide ramps were thankfully never installed, the house was completely wrecked. All the pipes and wires were ripped out along with the windows, and the house stands now as a bare concrete box on the beach, exposed to the elements. Steel components have rusted, staining much of the concrete red.<\/p>\n<p>While working on the project, Saxon slept on a bare mattress on the property. Ye disputes that he demanded Saxon do this, which is part of the lawsuit along with disputes over missed payments.<\/p>\n<p>In any case, the project was abandoned before it could be completed. Ye put the house on the market in December 2023, with a much reduced price. In April of this year, he slashed the price yet again to $39 million, $18 million less than Ye spent. It is difficult to know what price the house will ultimately fetch, given the fact that it is now so badly damaged.<\/p>\n<p>What was the point? Saxon and others are unclear about Ye\u2019s final vision. Saxon would send photos of his \u201cprogress\u201d \u2014 usually just piles of rubble \u2014 and Ye would send back encouraging messages like \u201cLet\u2019s gooooo . . . Simple fresh and cleeeeeean.\u201d Sometimes he would be upset at the pace of progress. He really wanted the house disconnected from the power grid as soon as possible, even though Saxon informed him that he needed electricity for the work he was doing.<\/p>\n<p>Clues about Ye\u2019s ultimate intention for the house can be found in his years-long admiration and support for James Turrell, the light and space artist who has been active since the 1970s. Most art lovers encounter Turrell through his Skyspaces, open-air observatories that combine natural and artificial light to encourage a contemplation of the environment. Turrell is also well known for his Roden Crater project, which he has been working on since the 1970s. This is a dormant volcano that Turrell has transformed into a network of tunnels, with different rooms framing unique views of the sky. In 2018, Ye donated $10 million to Turrell to finish Roden crater after being granted a private tour of the work in progress.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"instagram-media\" data-instgrm-captioned data-instgrm-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/BstoKgilNmF\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" data-instgrm-version=\"14\" style=\" background:#FFF; border:0; border-radius:3px; box-shadow:0 0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.5),0 1px 10px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.15); margin: 1px; max-width:500px; min-width:326px; padding:0; width:99.375%; width:-webkit-calc(100% - 2px); width:calc(100% - 2px);\">\n<div style=\"padding:16px;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/BstoKgilNmF\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" background:#FFFFFF; line-height:0; padding:0 0; text-align:center; text-decoration:none; width:100%;\" target=\"_blank\"> <\/p>\n<div style=\" display: flex; flex-direction: row; align-items: center;\">\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 40px; margin-right: 14px; width: 40px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 100px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 60px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 19% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display:block; height:50px; margin:0 auto 12px; width:50px;\"><svg width=\"50px\" height=\"50px\" viewBox=\"0 0 60 60\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\"><g stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\" fill-rule=\"evenodd\"><g transform=\"translate(-511.000000, -20.000000)\" fill=\"#000000\"><g><path d=\"M556.869,30.41 C554.814,30.41 553.148,32.076 553.148,34.131 C553.148,36.186 554.814,37.852 556.869,37.852 C558.924,37.852 560.59,36.186 560.59,34.131 C560.59,32.076 558.924,30.41 556.869,30.41 M541,60.657 C535.114,60.657 530.342,55.887 530.342,50 C530.342,44.114 535.114,39.342 541,39.342 C546.887,39.342 551.658,44.114 551.658,50 C551.658,55.887 546.887,60.657 541,60.657 M541,33.886 C532.1,33.886 524.886,41.1 524.886,50 C524.886,58.899 532.1,66.113 541,66.113 C549.9,66.113 557.115,58.899 557.115,50 C557.115,41.1 549.9,33.886 541,33.886 M565.378,62.101 C565.244,65.022 564.756,66.606 564.346,67.663 C563.803,69.06 563.154,70.057 562.106,71.106 C561.058,72.155 560.06,72.803 558.662,73.347 C557.607,73.757 556.021,74.244 553.102,74.378 C549.944,74.521 548.997,74.552 541,74.552 C533.003,74.552 532.056,74.521 528.898,74.378 C525.979,74.244 524.393,73.757 523.338,73.347 C521.94,72.803 520.942,72.155 519.894,71.106 C518.846,70.057 518.197,69.06 517.654,67.663 C517.244,66.606 516.755,65.022 516.623,62.101 C516.479,58.943 516.448,57.996 516.448,50 C516.448,42.003 516.479,41.056 516.623,37.899 C516.755,34.978 517.244,33.391 517.654,32.338 C518.197,30.938 518.846,29.942 519.894,28.894 C520.942,27.846 521.94,27.196 523.338,26.654 C524.393,26.244 525.979,25.756 528.898,25.623 C532.057,25.479 533.004,25.448 541,25.448 C548.997,25.448 549.943,25.479 553.102,25.623 C556.021,25.756 557.607,26.244 558.662,26.654 C560.06,27.196 561.058,27.846 562.106,28.894 C563.154,29.942 563.803,30.938 564.346,32.338 C564.756,33.391 565.244,34.978 565.378,37.899 C565.522,41.056 565.552,42.003 565.552,50 C565.552,57.996 565.522,58.943 565.378,62.101 M570.82,37.631 C570.674,34.438 570.167,32.258 569.425,30.349 C568.659,28.377 567.633,26.702 565.965,25.035 C564.297,23.368 562.623,22.342 560.652,21.575 C558.743,20.834 556.562,20.326 553.369,20.18 C550.169,20.033 549.148,20 541,20 C532.853,20 531.831,20.033 528.631,20.18 C525.438,20.326 523.257,20.834 521.349,21.575 C519.376,22.342 517.703,23.368 516.035,25.035 C514.368,26.702 513.342,28.377 512.574,30.349 C511.834,32.258 511.326,34.438 511.181,37.631 C511.035,40.831 511,41.851 511,50 C511,58.147 511.035,59.17 511.181,62.369 C511.326,65.562 511.834,67.743 512.574,69.651 C513.342,71.625 514.368,73.296 516.035,74.965 C517.703,76.634 519.376,77.658 521.349,78.425 C523.257,79.167 525.438,79.673 528.631,79.82 C531.831,79.965 532.853,80.001 541,80.001 C549.148,80.001 550.169,79.965 553.369,79.82 C556.562,79.673 558.743,79.167 560.652,78.425 C562.623,77.658 564.297,76.634 565.965,74.965 C567.633,73.296 568.659,71.625 569.425,69.651 C570.167,67.743 570.674,65.562 570.82,62.369 C570.966,59.17 571,58.147 571,50 C571,41.851 570.966,40.831 570.82,37.631\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg><\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-top: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" color:#3897f0; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:550; line-height:18px;\">View this post on Instagram<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding: 12.5% 0;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin-bottom: 14px; align-items: center;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(0px) translateY(7px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; height: 12.5px; transform: rotate(-45deg) translateX(3px) translateY(1px); width: 12.5px; flex-grow: 0; margin-right: 14px; margin-left: 2px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; height: 12.5px; width: 12.5px; transform: translateX(9px) translateY(-18px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: 8px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 50%; flex-grow: 0; height: 20px; width: 20px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 2px solid transparent; border-left: 6px solid #f4f4f4; border-bottom: 2px solid transparent; transform: translateX(16px) translateY(-4px) rotate(30deg)\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div style=\" width: 0px; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-right: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(16px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; flex-grow: 0; height: 12px; width: 16px; transform: translateY(-4px);\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #F4F4F4; border-left: 8px solid transparent; transform: translateY(-4px) translateX(8px);\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex-grow: 1; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 24px;\">\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; margin-bottom: 6px; width: 224px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\" background-color: #F4F4F4; border-radius: 4px; flex-grow: 0; height: 14px; width: 144px;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; line-height:17px; margin-bottom:0; margin-top:8px; overflow:hidden; padding:8px 0 7px; text-align:center; text-overflow:ellipsis; white-space:nowrap;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/BstoKgilNmF\/?utm_source=ig_embed&amp;utm_campaign=loading\" style=\" color:#c9c8cd; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:14px; font-style:normal; font-weight:normal; line-height:17px; text-decoration:none;\" target=\"_blank\">A post shared by The Cultivist Global Arts Club (@thecultivist)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.instagram.com\/en_US\/embeds.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>I love James Turrell\u2019s work and see an affinity between the type of awareness he is trying to evoke in his Skyspaces and what Ando is doing in architecture. However, there is a difference. Roden Crater is a site specific artwork, essentially a temple dedicated to the act of aesthetic contemplation. Ando\u2019s works are not temples. They are buildings. Even museums are public structures, bound up with the messiness and variety of life. As an architect, Ando\u2019s achievement is to bring quiet and repose into the everyday \u2014 not to excise the everyday entirely, which is what Ye seems to want to do, and not just in Malibu.<\/p>\n<p>Ye once tweeted, \u201cWe will all live in Turrell spaces.\u201d This was around the time he was developing prototypes for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stirworld.com\/see-news-kanye-west-builds-yeezy-home-igloo-like-structures-for-affordable-housing-in-the-us\">weird igloo-like affordable housing units<\/a> on his LA property. (He dismantled them following a dispute over permits). As Parker observes, this statement reveals a profound misunderstanding of the difference between art and architecture.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTurrell\u2019s hallmark Skyspace installations, of which there are more than eighty around the world, are exposed to the elements,\u201d Parker explains. \u201cTheir acoustics can be challenging. There\u2019s certainly nowhere to cook or wash. These are places that allow people to reset their sense of space and time\u2014an eclipse-like experience, without the eclipse. Yet, even in the world\u2019s most benign climates, they don\u2019t, [as Ye suggests], point to a new paradigm of shelter.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Ye thinks that Turrell can point the way forward for a new \u201cparadigm of shelter\u201d because, like all totalitarians, he is hostile to human needs, which appear to him only as barriers to the realization of his vision. This issue was also apparent in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.townandcountrymag.com\/society\/a43738031\/kanye-west-donda-school-sued-by-former-teachers\/\">Donda Academy<\/a>, the Christian K-12 school that Ye founded in Simi Valley, California, which shut down following his antisemitic tirades in 2022. Former staff members are now <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/kanye-west-donda-academy-lawsuit-kids-cages-shave-heads-rcna145966\">suing Ye<\/a> for abusive working conditions at this school.<\/p>\n<p>Regressive curriculum and other horrific issues aside, from a purely visual standpoint, everything about Donda Academy was dystopian, from the all black uniforms to the harshly lit industrial interior to the fact that the only food served was sushi. Ye&#8217;s ideal K-12 school was a completely controlled environment, essentially a prison. It is a tremendous relief that this school no longer exists and no child will have to go to this awful place.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ye\u2019s favorite room in the Malibu house was reportedly the small underground laundry room, which could be accessed by a hatch in the floor. Originally, this was a space to house the circuit breaker, AC Unit, water heater, and things like this. But when Saxon led Ye into the claustrophobic space, he had different plans. \u201cThis is going to be my bomb shelter,\u201d he reportedly told Saxon. \u201cThis is going to be my Batcave.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Over the next few weeks, Ye sent Saxon a number of drawings showing how the small laundry room could be transformed into a living space for himself. Amenities apparently would have included a small hole in the floor that would function as a toilet. As Parker describes, \u201cThere\u2019d be a cell-like capsule to provide for some basic human needs, from which one could emerge into a big, semipublic space that was open to the sky. This was a vision less of a home than of a refuge within a striking concrete art work.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>One could add: this is a vision of a tomb.<\/p>\n<p>Ye\u2019s architectural fantasies are not only absurd, they are fundamentally hostile to life. Kulapat Yantrasast, a former Ando associate, has said that he &#8220;really admire[s] what Ye was trying to do&#8221; at the Malibu house, viewing it as an attempt to &#8220;really go to the primal rawness&#8221; that lies at the heart of minimalism.<\/p>\n<p>Respectfully, I disagree with Yantrasat. At the end of the path Ye is currently traveling, there is nothing worth finding. Only pain.<\/p>\n<p><em>Cover Image: Detail of Vitra Conference Pavilion by Andreas Schwarzkopf, CC BY-SA 3.0 &lt;https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0&gt;, via <a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Vitra_Conference_Pavilion.jpg\">Wikimedia Commons<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><p><em>Architects: Want to have your project featured? Showcase your work by uploading projects to <a href=\"http:\/\/architizer.com\/register\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Architizer<\/a>\u00a0and sign up for our\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/join.architizer.com\/architizer-newsletter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">inspirational newsletters<\/a>.<\/em><\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ye\u2019s desecration of a Tadao Ando house has been attributed to the disgraced artist\u2019s eccentricity. It also reveals his creative bankruptcy. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":191518,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"architizer_featured_type":"insert","architizer_featured_image":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,5],"tags":[],"architizer_project":[],"architizer_brand":[],"architizer_firm":[],"architizer_product":[],"class_list":["post-191472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-inspiration","category-stories"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fascist Minimalism: The Dystopian Design Philosophy of Kanye West - Architizer Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ye\u2019s desecration of a Tadao Ando house has been attributed to the disgraced artist\u2019s eccentricity. 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