As of 2011 Thane is the most populated district in India, nearly 1.1 crore people which is close to 10% of Maharashtra’s population and 1% of India’s total population. The district is symbolic of India’s economic dichotomy with certain parts being prosperous commanding enormous realty rates while the other part is inhabited by tribals and is neglected. Students of 8th Sem B.Arch (Y.C.M.O.U) decided to survey the existing facilities and low accessibility to health care facilities in Jawahar, Mokhada, Vikramgad and Wada which have the most tribal population of Thane district. Batch of 12 Students formed four groups to visit and survey the situations in those 4 tribal talukas. After a 2 day survey students tried to relate the recently available statistics under government health care schemes and actual health facilities accessible to the tribal people.
As per surveys and interactions carried out, it was found that tribal region lacked access to basic requirements such as water, medical facilities, higher education and employment facilities. The area is considered as a major drought prone region thus, there is shortage of good quality food and water, which led to malnutrition among people. Due to lack of awareness among the people regarding their health, it was found Women ignored the seriousness of pregnancy, health and avoid going to hospital. In several tribes there are women who themselves perform the deliveries without proper knowledge, which results in child deaths and abnormal deliveries. Thus the birth of an abnormal child initiates the process of malnutrition. Lack of advanced transportation facilities is another major issue affecting health care found as per surveys. All the talukas of tribal belt like Dahanu, Talasari, Jawhar, Wada and Mokhada are connected only with a Road route having only ST buses as means of transport and that too are limited in number. As Bus fare is a bit high, poor tribal’s neglect to consult the Central Hospital or primary health center for better treatment as it is far away from their villages. So with statistics of under developed areas considered, students arrived at design problem of health care center (100 Beds Hospital) for neglected parts of Thane district.
Design program was based on government guidelines, FICCI, Hosmac report on health and guidelines by Pranab Roy. Students also case studied and compared the healthcare in nation of Cuba which is roughly equal to Thane district and has one of the best health facility system with highest life expectancy rate in world. The Cuban government operates a national health system and assumes fiscal and administrative responsibility for the health care of all its citizens. In Cuba, health care is considered a human right for all citizens; health care is therefore a national priority.
Studying all these principles, now the aim was to propose a 100beds hospital serving the 4 tribal talukas based on self-reliance principles with provision of Mobile health care system to access under developed areas of Thane district. The design proposal was carried out successfully under vital guidance of Architects Himanshu Upadhyay and Abuzar Plasterwala.